From: naddy@mips.inka.de

On 2024-03-31, wugi  wrote:

>> To the degree that the Latin verb system made it into the Romance
>> languages, Spanish has preserved the endings fairly well.  The most
>> glaring difference is the loss of final -t.  That of course turned
>> "es/est" into "es/es", so it is not surprising that a new form was
>> found to disambiguate second from third person.  I thought "eres"
>> was influenced by the imperfect, but a borrowing from the future
>> tense is plausible.
>
> I find those equally [un]likely as a simple duplication "eses" ...

Any comparable examples of such a process in Spanish?

> "eres" through rhotacism or what's it called.

That's not a random process.  *z > *r in Latin and Germanic are
regular sound shifts whose outcomes were subsequentely irregularized
by paradigmatic leveling; e.g. *honos/*honosis would regularly
become honos/honoris, and then the r was leveled into the nominative,
honor/honoris.  I'm not aware of such a sound shift in Spanish.

> There's also the plural "sois" that's different, sounds like due to some
> 'regularisation' sumus, *sutis*, sunt?

Presumably.  It's not limited to Iberian: Italian "siete", Catalan
"sou", Romanian "sunteți".

--
Christian "naddy" Weisgerber                          naddy@mips.inka.de

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