From: feliphil@gmx.net   
      
   > > A second possible usage is at crossings between different transit   
   > > systems, for example a tram line and a trolleybus line.   
   >   
   > There are a number of different possibilities.  Among them extended   
   > operation to places where it isn't worth using overhead.  As an   
   > example, a branch of the Portland Streetcar to Willamette Park could   
   > be possible as a line already exists as an out of service ex-freight   
   > line.  However, the ridership at first would be far too low to make   
   > electrification worthwhile.  Something able to operate off a battery   
   > for that relatively short distance could provide hourly service or   
   > such until the line is worth electrification.   
      
   The cost of batteries are simply impossible to pay off.   
      
   You'd rather use a diesel-electric hybrid tram-train for such an   
   application. Like in e.g. Kassel or Nordhausen (both Germany).   
      
   > Also, in the USA there is the prospect of having an at-grade crossing   
   > with a freight line where clearances would not allow overhead.   
      
   What's the problem. Pantographs for wire heights up to 7m are/were   
   available.   
      
   Sincerely,   
      
   Wolfgang   
      
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