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   Message 677 of 3,036   
   Ham News to All   
   Arrl Contest update   
   09 May 12 14:15:42   
   
   *** forwarder's note***   
      
   Please  see the html version of this electronic newsletter for correct   
   display of any url  reproduced.  These  may  be  garbled  in  transfer   
   between  networks.   
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             The ARRL Contest Update   
      
   Published by the American Radio Relay League   
   ********************************************   
      
   May 9, 2012   
      
   Editor: Ward Silver, N0AX    
      
   ==> IN THIS ISSUE   
      
   - Ten-Ten HUT! Armed Forces Communications Test   
   - Magic Banding - 50 MHz Spring Sprint   
   - Over Hill and Dale - US ARDF Championships   
   - You Say Bit, I Say Baud   
   - Hamvention How-To by K3LR   
   - Murphy Bites Solicited by N4YDU   
   - High-Performance Receivers by K1DG   
   - A Mix of Moxon Moxie   
   - They've a Name   
      
   NEW HF OPERATORS - THINGS TO DO   
      
   Listen just outside the US ham bands and you'll find military stations   
   calling and listening on some frequency inside the ham bands. This is   
   good practice for operating split and you'll receive unique QSL cards,   
   too. There are lots of short sprint contests to squeeze in around the   
   spring chores, too!   
      
   BULLETINS   
      
   There are no bulletins in this issue.   
      
   BUSTED QSOS   
      
   The traveling Jim Maxwell W6CF Memorial Trophy is awarded annually to   
   the highest scoring single operator, operating unassisted within the   
   state of California in the ARRL CW DX Contest and is not related to   
   Sweepstakes operating. (Thanks, John K6MM)   
      
   CONTEST SUMMARY   
      
   Complete information for all contests follows the Conversation section   
      
   May 12-13   
      
   - CWops Monthly Mini-CWT Test (May 9)   
   - SNS and NS Weekly Sprints--CW (May 11)   
   - FOC QSO Party--CW   
   - EUCW Fraternizing CW QSO Party   
   - Alessandro Volta RTTY DX Contest   
   - Armed Forces Communications Test   
   - CQ-M International DX Contest   
   - Portuguese Navy Day - Phone, CW   
   - Nevada Mustang Roundup   
   - FISTS Spring Sprint--CW   
   - 50 MHz Spring Sprint   
   - Worked All Britain - LF Phone   
   - NAQCC Monthly QRP Sprint (May 17)   
      
   May 19-20   
      
   - Portuguese Navy Day--Digital   
   - EU PSK DX Contest   
   - His Majesty King of Spain Contest--CW   
   - Feld-Hell Hamvention Sprint   
   - Baltic Contest   
   - Run For the Bacon--CW   
      
   ==> NEWS, PRESS RELEASES, AND GENERAL INTEREST   
      
   This year's 12th annual US Amateur Radio Direction-Finding (ARDF)   
   Championships   
      
   will be held in Southern California in the mountains east of San Diego   
   beginning on May 30-31. These well-attended outdoor exercises attract   
   many spectators and are the qualifying run for the world ARDF   
   championships to be held in Serbia in September. ARDF is very popular   
   around the world and a great way to mix ham radio with outdoor sports.   
      
      Not only can you support WRTC2014 but you can show your support as   
   well. The new WRTC2014 store  offers long   
   and short sleeve t-shirts, polo shirts, sweatshirts, and a cap.   
   Additional products will be added over time. The store also includes a   
   'donation' item for those who want to give a little extra to WRTC2014   
   when they make their purchase. Look for WRTC2014 at booth 354 in the   
   Dayton Hamvention's Silver Arena. (Thanks, WRTC2014 co-chair, Randy   
   K5ZD)   
      
   A recent QRZ.com feature described a new "interpreter badge   
   "   
   from the Boy Scouts of America - for Morse code! Scouts that learn to   
   send and receive at 5 wpm (sound familiar?) earn the right to display   
   an interpreter badge with code that spells out Morse.   
      
   With the number of mobile devices increasing every day, it's surprising   
   that there aren't more "mobile apps for mobile ops!" Nick N3WG has been   
   busy creating tools and software as Pignology  -   
   check out his collection of ham apps and growing set of interfaces to   
   some popular portable radios. Using his new Pigtail kit and an iPad,   
   this video   
    shows him   
   using the CW Terminal sending CW on a KX3 rig using a Bluetooth   
   keyboard and logging contacts on his Ham Logger app.   
      
   Speaking of keyboards, do you miss the full-size keyboards that used to   
   be the norm for computers and electric typewriters? Bob N7RDP recalls,   
   "...they had bounce-free mechanical switches, were heavy enough to stay   
   put and you could type real fast and not have to watch what appeared on   
   the screen. I was surprised to learn such keyboards are still available   
   for PCs from Elite Keyboards . Typing on   
   one, my fingers just seem to go faster. Or maybe its the clacky sound   
   that makes it seem that way." Charles KG2V found USB equivalents   
   , too.   
      
   The best prescription for ethics is always peer pressure, applied   
   locally, as the PW7T team shows in this short statement   
   . Ethics and   
   fair play keep amateur radiosport fun. (Thanks, Randy K5ZD)   
      
   Web Site of the Week - Electronic Design's Lou Frenzel, known by hams   
   as W5LEF, has been busy generating great articles such as "What's The   
   Difference Between Bit Rate And Baud Rate?   
   ".   
   If your answer is, "There's a difference?" then you need to read Lou's   
   article.   
      
   WORD TO THE WISE   
      
   Soapbox - after-the-contest comments are called "Soapbox" because of   
   the somewhat antiquated reference to "standing on one's soapbox" to   
   make a opinion known. Soapboxes haven't been heavy enough to hold a   
   person's weight in about a century but why mess up a good word? Reading   
   the soapbox comments after a contest is part of the fun - check out the   
   ARRL's online Soapbox  for all ARRL   
   contests and be sure to drop in your comment and photos!   
      
   ==> SIGHTS AND SOUNDS   
      
   What to do at the Hamvention? A short video   
    hosted by Tim K3LR that   
   outlines contest activities at the 2012 Dayton Hamvention has been   
   posted by the Potomac Valley Radio Club (PVRC) - look under the   
   Recorded Webinars link for May 6. (Thanks, Ken K4ZW )   
      
   PBS's program series NOVA recently ran "Secrets of the Sun   
   " about what makes our favorite   
   star run and you can watch the show online, too. (Thanks, Ken K0PP)   
      
      Jim K1TN writes, "I really enjoyed TV Bob's (N6TV) photos from   
   Visalia. A lot of work to take them. Really appreciated, Bob. I swear,   
   someday I will make it to Visalia for the convention." As one   
   Visalia-goer commented, "Very high calls-known to calls-seen ratio!"   
      
   How does a KX3 kit get assembled? You can watch   
      
   Steve WG0AT do the job through the photos of John AE5X and the slide   
   show ends with a video of the finished product in QSO with Dave AA7EE.   
      
   Here's a Lego Mindstorm Sodoku-solving robot   
   . This is cool, but can it keep a dupe   
   sheet? (Thanks, Ken W0KAH)   
      
   Alright! How can you resist watching a video about a 10000-rpm   
   ping-pong ball and liquid nitrogen? You can't! Here it is   
   !   
      
   ==> RESULTS AND RECORDS   
      
   Writeup author Nate N4YDU  writes, "I'm currently   
   working on the results article for the 2012 ARRL DX CW contest. I'm   
   looking for any bad luck or "Murphy" incidents that took place while   
   you were operating or preparing to operate. If I get enough of a   
   response, I'll summarize it in the story...maybe even do a Top Ten!"   
   Wow - an opportunity to tell your tale of woe to the world? Go for it!   
      
   Results for the February 2012 NAQP RTTY contest are now online   
   . "Many new records were set and   
   the final published results will be in the July/August 2012 Issue of   
   the National Contest Journal. See you again in NAQP RTTY on July 21."   
   (Thanks, NAQP RTTY Contest Manager, Mark K6UFO)   
      
      Results for the 2011 edition of the CQ Manchester Mineira DX Contest   
    are now online. (Thanks,   
   Luc PY8AZT)   
      
   Results of the European Sprint CW Contest    
   held on April 14th are now available online, too, three days after the   
   log deadline! (Thanks, EU Sprint Referee, Dmitri RW3FO)   
      
   OPERATING TIP   
      
   Have two or three different models of headphones available for long   
   contests. A single set can create sore spots on your ears or temples   
   that gets maddening by Sunday afternoon. Having a couple of different   
   sets helps prevent that distraction. The same goes for chair cushions!   
      
   ==> TECHNICAL TOPICS AND INFORMATION   
      
   EDN magazine recently published "High-performance HF transceiver   
   design: A ham's perspective   
   "   
   by contester and WRTC2014 co-chair, Doug K1DG. The article goes into   
   detail about the environment in which contest-grade receivers must not   
   only operate but excel. There are several graphics of the spectrum   
   during the 2012 CQ Worldwide 160 Meter CW contest including a waterfall   
   display that will keep you busy trying to read it for a while.   
      
   Magazine Roundup   
      
   - Electronic Design (5 April) - "Understanding Solutions for the   
   Crowded Electromagnetic Spectrum   
   "   
   by Lou Frenzel W5LEF, covering VHF through microwave, FCC regulation,   
   and upcoming technology solutions to the problem.   
   - IEEE Spectrum (April) - "Poor Man's Solder Reflow Oven   
   "   
   for adding reflow soldering to your homebrew electronics capability.   
   - IEEE Spectrum (March) - "Pocket Scope Roundup   
      
   "   
   reviews four different mini-scopes that fit in your hand, "DIY   
   Manufacturing   
   "   
   about turning your one-off project into a real product, and a   
   "Reflections" editorial by Robert Lucky asking, "Is Math Still   
   Relevant?   
   "   
      
   Jack K6JEB posted this video showing his technique for winding toroids   
    by using a "stitching   
   pony" made from a lacquered or plastic chopstick.   
      
      Portable operators who hike or camp will enjoy Charlie W6JJZ   
   describing his design for a TFD(Trail Friendly Doublet   
   )   
   in this old Adventure Radio Society Sojourner article. (Thanks, Ted   
   AA5CK)   
      
   Two notes on everybody's favorite building material - here's an article   
   from Instructables on how to bend PVC pipe   
      
   and there are lots more ideas in the comments. And those plastic   
   plumbing fittings you were looking for that join three pipes in a   
   right-angled corner? They're called "90° side outlet elbows (slip)"   
   "Slip" means for unthreaded connections. Enjoy.   
      
   The Spitfire Array    
   designed by Fred K1VR uses a conventional grounded quarter-wave tower   
   as the driven element and adds a parasitic reflector and director. What   
   is unique about this array is that the parasitic elements are sized to   
   be half-wave elements which are not grounded and are bent into a   
   triangle shape. In addition, Rudy N6LF covers a number of   
   single-support low-band arrays   
      
   in his March/April 2003 National Contest Journal article with a list of   
   good references, as well. (Thanks, Tree N6TR and Jon AA1K)   
      
   Linear Technology's Design Note 1027 "Optimizing the Performance of   
   Very Wideband Direct   
    Conversion   
   Receivers " is an   
   interesting read. DC receivers are grabbing a lot of "market share" in   
   the commercial wireless world.   
      
      While browsing through a technical book list, I came upon the   
   classic, "Inductance Calculations" by Frederick Grover seen at right.   
   Reprinted by Dover from the 1946 and 1973 editions, this inexpensive   
   volume has just about every possible formula for inductance. It's fun   
   to just open the book randomly and try to figure out what prompted the   
   need for "Mutual Inductance of Inclined Circular Filaments Whose Axes   
   Intersect, but Not at the Center of Either" (page 204).   
      
   On Marconi's birthday, John AE5X, "...decided to build a coherer   
      
   since all the parts were already on hand. I don't understand the   
   physics of it but it is a neat little device...seems to have a range of   
   about a foot w/o an "antenna". After making the video I found that   
   dipole-like leads attached to the coherer and QRP spark transmitter   
   increased the range to 8 feet."   
      
   Two IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine articles by Steve Best   
   VE9SRB answer a lot of questions about how antennas interact with   
   electromagnetic fields.   
      
   - S.R. Best, "A Tutorial on the Scattering and Receiving Properties of   
   Antennas" (Oct 2009)   
   - S.R. Best, "The Receiving and Scattering Properties of a Finite   
   Dipole Array" (Dec 2011)   
      
   Both are available through your local library or possible a university   
   or technical department library.   
      
   If you're in the market for new antenna work ropes, check out Martin   
   OL5Y's company, Mastrant , maker of synthetic   
   rope for guying applications. There are two types: "P", which is a   
   polyester Dacron-equivalent and "D" which is Dyneema, a high-weight   
   poly rope. The rope stretches a bit more than Phillystran over time but   
   is great for temporary guys and permanent use for supporting wire   
   antennas. (Thanks, Doug K1DG)   
      
   Technical Web Site of the Week - Tim K3LR reports that, "W6NL has sent   
   me an update to his original work. It is labeled as - Updated Moxon   
   document 2012 and W8WWV has contributed a wonderful paper on various   
   NEC model results of the W6NL 2 element 40 meter Moxon. It is labeled   
   as - W8WWV investigates W6NL Moxon 40 meter models. You can find all   
   four posted documents relating to the W6NL Moxon in the Station   
   Engineering folder of k3lr.com .   
      
   ==> CONVERSATION   
      
   They've a Name   
      
   With the Dayton Hamvention and many local and regional hamfests coming   
   up, it's time to review the zoology that makes each and every hamfest a   
   unique and interesting experience for buyers and sellers alike!   
      
   Venerable Sages - Like spirits on Christmas Eve, these hamfest haunts   
   appear from nowhere, wizened and wrinkled, call sign badge bearing the   
   markings of extreme age. You will be told A Story that you will have   
   never heard before about hams you may have never heard of. Yet it will   
   be fascinating! Some day in the future, when you least expect it, that   
   story will supply a crucial detail, amazing your friends and enemies   
   alike. Learn to listen to the sage!   
      
   Disorder Demons - There is a special position down there in the hot   
   place where the guy with the red cape and pointy stick lives for the   
   people who handle your carefully-sorted parts and put them back in the   
   wrong boxes or trays. An unsuspecting buyer gets home and begins work   
   on a project only to find that the ninth part out of ten is mismatched.   
   At next year's hamfest, you get blamed for it.   
      
      Benevelonians - Particularly fond of new hams and kids in general,   
   these fine folks take the hamfest role of doting uncles and aunts. No   
   matter how shy the child or unsure the novice, a Benevelonian will   
   always come up with some trinket or extra part to give away or add to   
   the sale. "I've got just the thing for YOU!" they say, eyes twinkling,   
   producing a perfectly chosen gift or gadget for which they won't accept   
   a cent.   
      
   Burrowers - As we all know, the best bargains are often on the floor   
   under the tables so a Burrower gets down on hands and knees, no matter   
   how crowded the aisle, proceeding to root through every single box and   
   bag, spreading and sorting the collection, creating chaos and   
   convincing your real customers to cross the aisle to "come back later".   
   They will then offer one-tenth the asking price on a single coil of   
   wire and leave it on the table when you don't sell it to them.   
      
   Explainers - An inquisitive buyer inevitably asks the one question   
   about an item to which you don't know the answer. "Will this work with   
   my 1983 Festalon Maglerator?" Unbidden, a hitherto unnoticed Explainer   
   standing nearby will turn and deliver an authoritative and often   
   exhaustive reply to the question, leaving both buyer and seller   
   speechless and astounded. The Explainer will then purchase an obscure   
   item from your table costing less than a dollar and disappear, never to   
   be seen again.   
      
   Hamfest Cowbirds - The cowbird lays eggs in the nest of other birds for   
   its chicks to be raised by the hapless parents. Similarly, the hamfest   
   cowbird leaves its junk on your table so you get to dispose of it.   
   While you're engaged with another customer, they put their item on one   
   end of the table and feign great interest in some other doo-dads,   
   slowly migrating along the table until at the opposite end from their   
   "egg" which they leave behind. You discover the ruse when somebody   
   asks, "How much you want for this?" while holding up the surprise you   
   now own.   
      
   Biographers - No matter what you pick up from their table, they know   
   its entire history beginning with the digging of the ore and the   
   smelting of the copper. They know the call signs of every owner (before   
   and after vanity calls) and whether they smoked and what got worked   
   with that particular radio. They always have the manual. The only thing   
   they're not sure of is whether a particular item is actually functional   
   but you've had so much fun learning about it you buy it anyway.   
      
   Gravity Testers - I'm sure they spend the morning greasing up their   
   fingers with special non-stick coatings. Once at your table, they'll   
   lift up a fragile item and then..."Oops!" Or they'll hold that power   
   transformer over a flawless radio cabinet and..."Oops!" A variation on   
   this theme is to reach for something in the back or down the table   
   and..."Oops!"...knock over a stack of books or gear. Yes, gravity has   
   been found to be fully operational at your table.   
      
   Cats In the Hat - I like these colorful hamfest denizens, usually   
   adorned with bright clothes, patches, enough enameled pins to distort   
   the local magnetic field, friendly and loud and they know your name (or   
   think they do), and have a handshake for everybody! They often leave   
   your table messed up and buyers forget what they were interested in but   
   everybody has a smile on their face afterward. You just have to watch   
   out for Thing One and Thing Two.   
      
   And so our hamfest memories are made - of characters old and young,   
   rich and poor, scallywag and Samaritan alike. It wouldn't be the same   
   without the slightly daffy denizens of our tribe, would it? Look at the   
   time, they'll be opening the gates in an hour - happy shopping!   
      
   73, Ward N0AX   
      
   ==> CONTESTS   
      
   9 May through 22 May   
      
   An expanded, downloadable version of QST's Contest Corral in PDF format   
    is available. Check the   
   sponsor's Web site for information on operating time restrictions and   
   other instructions.   
      
   HF CONTESTS   
      
   CWops Monthly Mini-CWT Test--CW, from May 9, 1300Z -- multiple   
   operating periods, twice monthly on 2nd and 4th Wed. Bands (MHz):   
   1.8-28, 18 to 28 kHz above band edge. Exchange: Name, member number or   
   S/P/C. Logs due: 2 days. Rules    
      
   SNS and NS Weekly Sprints--CW, from May 11, 0200Z to May 11, 0300Z.   
   Weekly on Thursday evenings local time. Bands (MHz): 1.8-14. Exchange:   
   Serial, name, and S/P/C. Logs due: 2 days. Rules   
      
      
   FOC QSO Party--CW, from May 12, 0000Z to May 12, 2359Z. Bands (MHz):   
   1.8-28. Exchange: Name, FOC member number. Logs due: 7 days. Rules   
      
      
   EUCW Fraternizing CW QSO Party--CW, from May 12, 1000Z - multiple   
   operating periods. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28. Frequencies: Exchange: RST,   
   name, club, member number. Logs due: Jun 30. Rules   
      
      
   Alessandro Volta RTTY DX Contest--Digital, from May 12, 1200Z to May   
   13, 1200Z. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: RST, serial, CQ zone. Logs   
   due: Jun 30. Rules    
      
   Armed Forces Communications Test--Phone,Digital, from May 12, 1200Z to   
   May 13, 2400Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Frequencies: See website for   
   specific station schedules. Exchange: RS(T). Logs due: no logs. Rules   
      
      
   CQ-M International DX Contest--Phone,CW, from May 12, 1200Z to May 13,   
   1200Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Exchange: RS(T) and serial. Logs due: 30   
   days. Rules    
      
   Portuguese Navy Day--Phone,CW, from May 12, 1500Z to May 13, 1500Z.   
   Bands (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: RS(T), serial, CQ zone. Logs due: 20   
   days. Rules    
      
   Nevada Mustang Roundup--Phone,CW,Digital, from May 12, 1700Z to May 13,   
   1700Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28, 50. Exchange: RS(T) and S/P/C or NV county.   
   Logs due: Jun 15. Rules    
      
   FISTS Spring Sprint--CW, from May 12, 1700Z to May 13, 2100Z. Bands   
   (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: RS(T), S/P/C, name, FISTS nr or power. Logs   
   due: 30 days. Rules    
      
   Worked All Britain - LF Phone--Phone, from May 13, 1000Z to May 13,   
   1400Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-7. Exchange: RS, serial, and WAB nr or DXCC   
   entity. Logs due: 21 days. Rules    
      
   NAQCC Monthly QRP Sprint--CW, from May 17, 0030Z to May 17, 0230Z.   
   Monthly on 2nd Tuesday or 3rd Wednesday local time (alternating). Bands   
   (MHz): 3.5-14. Exchange: RST, S/P/C, and NAQCC mbr nr or power. Logs   
   due: 4 days. Rules    
      
   Portuguese Navy Day--Digital, from May 19, 0800Z to May 19, 1500Z.   
   Bands (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: RST, serial, CQ zone. Logs due: 20 days.   
   Rules    
      
   EU PSK DX Contest--Digital, from May 19, 1200Z to May 20, 1200Z. Bands   
   (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: RST and EU area code or serial. Logs due: 30   
   days. Rules    
      
   His Majesty King of Spain Contest--CW, from May 19, 1200Z to May 20,   
   1200Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Exchange: RST and serial or EA province.   
   Logs due: Jun 10. Rules    
      
   Feld-Hell Hamvention Sprint--Digital, from May 19, 1500Z - multiple   
   operating periods, monthly on 3rd Saturday. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28.   
   Exchange: RST, S/P/C, Feld-Hell member nr. Logs due: 7 days. Rules   
      
      
   Baltic Contest--Phone,CW, from May 19, 2100Z to May 20, 0200Z. Bands   
   (MHz): 3.5. Exchange: RS(T) and serial. Logs due: Jul 1. Rules   
      
      
   Run For the Bacon--CW, from May 20, 0200Z to May 20, 0400Z. Monthly on   
   3rd Sunday night (local). Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Exchange: RST, S/P/C,   
   Flying Pig nr or power. Rules    
      
   VHF+ CONTESTS   
      
   Nevada Mustang Roundup--Phone,CW,Digital, from May 12, 1700Z to May 13,   
   1700Z. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28, 50. Exchange: RS(T) and S/P/C or NV county.   
   Logs due: Jun 15. Rules    
      
   50 MHz Spring Sprint--Phone,CW,Digital, from May 12, 2300Z to May 13,   
   0300Z. Bands (MHz): 50. Exchange: Grid square (6-character preferred).   
   Logs due: 14 days. Rules   
      
      
   ==> LOG DUE DATES   
      
   9 May through 22 May   
      
   - May 9, 2012 Low Power Spring Sprint   
      
   - May 10, 2012 ARS Spartan Sprint   
      
   - May 10, 2012 432 MHz Spring Sprint   
      
   - May 14, 2012 10-10 Int. Spring Contest, Digital   
      
   - May 14, 2012 JIDX CW Contest    
   - May 14, 2012 Helvetia Contest   
      
   - May 14, 2012 RSGB 80m Club Championship, SSB   
      
   - May 15, 2012 Yuri Gagarin International DX Contest   
      
   - May 15, 2012 Georgia QSO Party    
   - May 15, 2012 North Dakota QSO Party    
   - May 15, 2012 QCWA Spring QSO Party   
      
   - May 18, 2012 Ontario QSO Party    
   - May 19, 2012 TARA Skirmish Digital Prefix Contest   
      
   - May 20, 2012 ES Open HF Championship   
      
   - May 21, 2012 Michigan QSO Party    
   - May 21, 2012 10-10 Int. Spring Contest, CW   
      
   - May 21, 2012 Microwave Spring Sprint   
      
   - May 21, 2012 ARI International DX Contest   
      
   - May 22, 2012 EA-QRP CW Contest   
      
   - May 22, 2012 YU DX Contest   
      
      
   ==> ARRL INFORMATION   
      
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   ==> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS   
      
   ARRL Contest Update wishes to acknowledge information from WA7BNM's   
   Contest Calendar  and SM3CER's   
   Contest Calendar .   
      
   The ARRL Contest Update is published every other Wednesday (26 times   
   each year). ARRL members may subscribe at no cost or unsubscribe by   
   editing their Member Data Page as described at   
   http://www.arrl.org/contests/update/.   
      
    Copyright (c) 2012 American Radio Relay League, Inc. All   
   Rights Reserved   
      
       
      
   the ARRL COntest UPdate posted to the ls_arrl echo via   
   node 1:116/901.   
      
   Address all comments and questions to the editor as described in this   
   electronic newsletter.   
      
      
   ---   
    * Origin: (1:116/901)   

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