SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP025   
   ARLP025 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   ZCZC AP25   
   QST de W1AW   
   Propagation Forecast Bulletin 25  ARLP025   
   > From Tad Cook, K7RA   
   Seattle, WA  June 17, 2016   
   To all radio amateurs   
      
   SB PROP ARL ARLP025   
   ARLP025 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   That was a little scary seeing the daily sunspot number at zero for four days,   
   June 3 to 6, but conditions seem to have recovered nicely.   
      
   Average daily sunspot number for this reporting week (June 9 to 15) was 29.1,   
   up from 7.7 the previous week.  The minimum non-zero sunspot number is 11, due   
   to the way sunspots are counted.  A sunspot number of 11 does not mean there   
   are 11 sunspots.  It means there is one sunspot (counting as one point) in one   
   sunspot group (adding 10 points).  A second sunspot raises the sunspot number   
   to 12, unless that spot is on its own and not clustered with the other spot,   
   in which case the sunspot number would be 22.  So that average daily sunspot   
   number of 7.7 from the previous week is due to the fact that four out of the   
   seven days had sunspot numbers of zero. The rest were 27, 12 and 15.  You   
   would never see a day with an actual sunspot number of 7.7.   
      
   Average daily solar flux this week was 88.3, up from 80.7 last week. I think   
   the lowest solar flux number I've seen is 66.  Solar flux is measured three   
   times per day at 2.8 GHz in Penticton, British Columbia.  The official number   
   reported for the day is just the reading at local noon.   
      
   You can see the thrice daily solar flux reading direct from Canada at   
   http://bit.ly/1tsoSDd .   
      
   Predicted solar flux for the next month is pretty flat, at 88 on June 17 to   
   23, 85 on June 24 to 30, 80 on July 1 to 5, 85 on July 6 to 9, 92 on July 10   
   and 11, 95 on July 12 to 18, 92 and 90 on July 19 and 20, 85 on July 21 to 27,   
   and 80 again after July 27.   
      
   Predicted planetary A index is 8 on June 17 and 18, 5 on June 19 and 23, then   
   12 and 8, on June 24 and 25, 10 on June 26 and 27, 5 on June 28 through July   
   1, then 25, 20 and 8 on July 2 to 4, 5 on July 5 and 6, 8 and 10 on July 7 and   
   8, 8 on July 9 and 10, then 5, 8, 12 and 8 on July 11 and 14, 5 on July 15 and   
   19, then 10, 12 and 8 on July 20 and 22, 1 on July 23 and 24, and 5 on July 25   
   to 28.   
      
   You can see this same daily 45 day forecast of solar flux and planetary A   
   index, usually posted after 2100 UTC at http://1.usa.gov/1TCBQaX .   
      
   Petr Kolman, OK1MGW sent this geomagnetic forecast.   
      
   Geomagnetic activity forecast for the period June 17 and July 13, 2016.   
      
   Geomagnetic field will be:   
   Quiet on June 21 and 22   
   Mostly quiet on June 19 and 20, 29 and 30, July 1, 5 and 6   
   Quiet to unsettled on June 25, 28, July 4, 7, 10, 13   
   Quiet to active on June 17 and 18, 23 and 24, 26 and 27, July 8   
   and 9, 11 and 12   
   Active to disturbed on June (18), July 2 and 3   
      
   Amplifications of the solar wind from coronal holes are expected on June 17   
   and 18, 23 and 24, 26 and 27, July 2 and 3, 8 to 12.   
      
   (Parenthesis means lower probability of activity enhancement).   
      
   Petr Kolman, OK1MGW Czech Propagation Interest Group (OK1HH OK1MGW, weekly   
   forecasts since 1978) e-mail: kolmanp@razdva.cz   
      
   In this Astrophysical Journal article, we see a study that tracks geomagnetic   
   numbers against the interplanetary magnetic field and solar flux.  Is there a   
   correlation?   
      
   http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/937   
      
   Also check this one, which I hesitate to pass on since mention of a Grand   
   Minimum can generate so much fear and loathing:   
      
   http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/781/1/L7   
      
   Jon Jones, N0JK in em28 (Lawrence, Kansas) wrote:   
      
   "June 14 was a great day for the Caribbean, Central America and northern South   
   America from KS.  6 meters was open from 1530z or so to after 2350z to these   
   areas.  I listened to 6Y5WJ run a bunch of Qs.  I had chased Jamaica for many   
   years on 6, then work Josh with one call at 2007z.  Heard him for hours.  Josh   
   hit an honest 599.   
      
   I logged HH2AA at 1951z, who reportedly was running just 8 Watts to a wire   
   antenna.  Also worked John, FS/K9EL FK88 at 2031z.  As I was watching our 5   
   year old granddaughter, I could not go out portable, so used my dipole in the   
   attic at 100 W.  I worked ZF1EJ earlier at 1742z.   
      
   Later around 2300z P43A popped in big and loud on 50.115.  I worked P43K at   
   0038z June 15.  P43A worked a bunch of stations from the Midwest to east coast   
   up to W1.  All of this was multi- hop sporadic E.   
      
   One of the best openings to these regions via Es in years."   
      
   For more information concerning radio propagation, see the ARRL Technical   
   Information Service at http://arrl.org/propagation-of-rf-signals.  For an   
   explanation of the numbers used in this bulletin, see http://arr   
   .org/the-sun-the-earth-the-ionosphere.  An archive of past propagation   
   bulletins is at http://arrl.org/w1aw-bulletins-archive-propagation.  More good   
   information and tutorials on propagation are at http://k9la.us/.   
      
   Monthly propagation charts between four USA regions and twelve overseas   
   locations are at http://arrl.org/propagation.   
      
   Instructions for starting or ending email distribution of ARRL bulletins are   
   at http://arrl.org/bulletins.   
      
   Sunspot numbers for June 9 through 15 were 22, 28, 40, 39, 27, 26, and 22,   
   with a mean of 29.1.  10.7 cm flux was 85.2, 84.9, 88.2, 94.1, 91, 87.6, and   
   87.3, with a mean of 88.3.  Estimated planetary A indices were 4, 9, 11, 10,   
   9, 21, and 14, with a mean of 11.1. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 5,   
   9, 11, 9, 10, 15, and 15 with a mean of 10.6.   
      
   NNNN   
   /EX   
      
   )\/(ark   
      
   Always Mount a Scratch Monkey   
      
   ... WindowError:01E Timing error. Please wait eight years...   
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