SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP010   
   ARLP010 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   ZCZC AP10   
   QST de W1AW   
   Propagation Forecast Bulletin 10  ARLP010   
   > From Tad Cook, K7RA   
   Seattle, WA  March 4, 2016   
   To all radio amateurs   
      
   SB PROP ARL ARLP010   
   ARLP010 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   Average daily sunspot numbers over our reporting week (February 25 through   
   March 2) were marginally higher than the previous seven days, going from 37.9   
   to 41.4, while average daily solar flux was   
   down by just one point, to 92.9.   
      
   Average planetary A index changed from 10.1 to 5.9 and average mid-latitude A   
   index went from 12.6 to 5.3., so it was a quiet week with stable geomagnetic   
   conditions.   
      
   Predicted solar flux from USAF/NOAA for the near term is 100 on March 4-7, 105   
   on March 8-13, 100 on March 14-15, 95 on March 16-20 and then bottoming out at   
   90 on March 21-26. Flux values then peak at 115 on March 30-31.   
      
   The planetary A index prediction shows 12, 15, 20, 15 and 10 on March 4-8,   
   then 8 on March 9-11, 5 on March 12 and 12 on March 13. The predicted A index   
   then makes a huge jump to 30 on March 14-16. This perhaps is from a recurring   
   coronal hole, because on April 10-12 the A index again goes to 30. Note that   
   in mid-February there were similar numbers on February 17-19 of 38, 34 and 29.   
      
   Petr Kolman, OK1MGW of the Czech Propagation Interest Group (actually they   
   call it the Propagation Interested Group, but I suspect Interest Group is a   
   better translation to standard American English) sent his outlook for   
   geomagnetic conditions. He says to expect quiet to unsettled conditions on   
   March 4, quiet to active March 5-6, quiet to unsettled March 7-8, quiet to   
   active March 9-10, quiet to unsettled March 11-12, quiet to active March 13,   
   active to disturbed March 14-16, quiet to active March 17, mostly quiet March   
   18-19, quiet on March 20-21, mostly quiet March 22-24, quiet March 25-26,   
   quiet to unsettled March 27, quiet to active March 28-29, and quiet to   
   unsettled March 30.   
      
   Petr expects an increase in solar wind on March 5-6, 9-10, 13-16 and 27-29.   
      
   Notice that his expected active to disturbed conditions on March 14-16 lines   
   up with the prediction for an A index of 30 on those same dates from USAF/NOAA.   
      
   February is done, so let's examine our 3-month moving average of sunspot   
   numbers.   
      
   According to our own data, cycle 24 peaked with a 3-month moving average of   
   146.4 and 148.2 centered on February and March of 2014. Four months later the   
   moving average centered on July 2014 was 109.2, and December 2014 was 107.8.   
   January 2015 was 98.2, the first time the average was below 100 since   
   September 2013. July 2015 was 69.1, December 2015 was 55.4, and the latest   
   number centered on January 2016 was 53.5. The moving average centered on   
   January is an arithmetic average of daily sunspot numbers from December 1,   
   2015 through February 29, 2016. Adding all sunspot numbers for those days   
   totals 4,868 and divided by 91 days yields an average of 53.4945 or 53.5.   
      
   The last time the average was at this level was February 2011, five years ago,   
   when it was 55.7.   
      
   The ARRL International SSB DX Contest is this weekend, and it runs from 0000   
   UTC March 5 through 2359 UTC March 6. See http://www.arrl.org/arrl-dx for   
   details.   
      
   Eric Guzman, NP3A had a comment on N0JK's note about what a difference a year   
   makes on 10 meters. Eric wrote "I think is not only 10 meters. This February I   
   will complete one year of monthly reports using our Club Skimmer KP3Z data.   
      
   Comparing the 2015 to 2016 tally for the ARRL DX CW Contest, 80 meter activity   
   was down 9 percent, 40 was up 9 percent, 20 meters down 20 percent, 15 meters   
   down 75 percent and 10 meters down 89 percent. I believe this is just the   
   number of call signs copied, but it was 14,503 on 10 meters last year, and   
   only 1,644 this year."   
      
   Eric notes, "Full SH5 reports for both weekends can be found here:   
   http://www.np3a.com/website/index.php/skimmer-sh5   
      
   Huge difference on 15 meters as well. Of course there are other factors that   
   affect these numbers like participation, but in general propagation is the   
   main factor."   
      
   Thanks Eric. 40 meters was the only band with an increased count, and with   
   propagation down on 10, 15 and 20 meters, where else would you go?   
      
   For more information concerning radio propagation, see the ARRL Technical   
   Information Service at http://arrl.org/propagation-of-rf-signals. For an   
   explanation of the numbers used in this bulletin, see http://arr   
   .org/the-sun-the-earth-the-ionosphere. An archive of past propagation   
   bulletins is at http://arrl.org/w1aw-bulletins-archive-propagation. More good   
   information and tutorials on propagation are at http://k9la.us/.   
      
   My own archives of the NOAA/USAF daily 45 day forecast for solar flux and   
   planetary A index are in downloadable spreadsheet format at http   
   //bit.ly/1VOqf9B and http://bit.ly/1DcpaC5 .   
      
   Click on "Download this file" to download the archive, and ignore the security   
   warning about file format. Pop-up blockers may suppress the download.   
      
   Monthly propagation charts between four USA regions and twelve overseas   
   locations are at http://arrl.org/propagation.   
      
   Instructions for starting or ending email distribution of ARRL bulletins are   
   at http://arrl.org/bulletins.   
      
   Sunspot numbers for February 25 through March 2 were 26, 41, 37, 38, 44, 39,   
   and 65, with a mean of 41.4. 10.7 cm flux was 91.7, 89, 90.4, 93.2, 90.9,   
   96.8, and 98.2, with a mean of 92.9. Estimated planetary A indices were 5, 7,   
   4, 4, 5, 9, and 7, with a mean of 5.9. Estimated mid- latitude A indices were   
   6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 8, and 7, with a mean of 5.3.   
      
   NNNN   
   /EX   
      
   )\/(ark   
      
   Always Mount a Scratch Monkey   
      
   ... Explain counter-clockwise to someone with a digital watch.   
   ---   
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