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   http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/?issue=2015-09-10   
      
   The ARRL Letter   
      
   September 10, 2015   
   Editor: Rick Lindquist, WW1ME   
      
    *  ULS, Other FCC Systems, Come Back Online   
    *  Opponents' Representations of Parity Act's Purpose "Just Not True," ARRL   
       President Says   
    *  Vintage Transmitter Sale Funds Opportunity for ARRL Teachers Institute   
       Participant   
    *  ARISS-International Delegates Meet in Tokyo   
    *  Jamboree On The Air 2015 Station Registration is Open   
    *  QCWA Recognizes 105-Year-Old Radio Amateur's 90 Years of Hamming   
    *  Arkansas Ham Tops His Own Satellite Contact Distance Record   
    *  Nominations Open for the George Hart Distinguished Service Award   
    *  In Brief...   
    *  The K7RA Solar Update   
    *  Just Ahead in Radiosport   
    *  Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions and Events   
      
      
   ULS, Other FCC Systems, Come Back Online   
      
   Scheduled FCC computer system upgrades took a couple of days longer than   
   anticipated, but the Universal Licensing System (ULS) -- the repository for   
   Amateur Radio licensing data and portal for all applications -- came back   
   online early on September 10, along with FCC e-mail and other systems that had   
   been down for several days. The Electronic Comment Filing System (ECFS) and   
   the Electronic Document Management System (EDOCS) returned to service on   
   September 8. During the outage, which began on September 2, it was not   
   possible to file any Amateur Radio applications, including examination session   
   documents, or conduct any license or application searches. Earlier this week,   
   ARRL VEC Manager Maria Somma, AB1FM, said a lot of candidates and volunteer   
   examiners had begun asking why new call signs or license upgrades had not yet   
   been issued.   
      
   "We have a huge backlog in our filing system that continues to grow!" she said   
   on September 8, the day the ULS was supposed to be back online. "We already   
   have approximately 75 examination sessions and over 500 applications waiting   
   to be released to FCC." Somma said she first wanted to make sure the ULS   
   electronic batch filing system was working properly before attempting to file   
   the backlog, which, she added, could take a day or so to release.   
      
   The FCC's Chief Information Officer David A. Bray, said the computer system   
   work included physically moving more than 200 different legacy servers from   
   FCC headquarters to a commercial service provider. This move -- a cost-saving   
   measure, he explained -- ran into trouble when it was determined that   
   additional cabling was needed to complete the transition. "Unfortunately, this   
   delayed completion of all of the system upgrades -- even with the FCC team   
   working around the clock throughout the holiday weekend," Bray explained   
   earlier this week.   
      
   Bray said it took seven moving vans to contain the servers being relocated.   
   "With a massive server move of this scale -- even with detailed planning,   
   independent verification, and backup plans -- the opportunity always exists   
   for surprises, especially with legacy IT systems, nearly 400 program   
   applications, and hundreds of servers," he pointed out.   
      
   The requirement to pay a regulatory fee for Amateur Radio vanity call sign   
   applications officially ended on September 3, but prospective vanity   
   applicants have had to wait until the ULS was up and running again to file for   
   an available call sign. The approximately 18-day vanity call sign waiting   
   period will remain in place "for now," the FCC has told ARRL.   
      
      
   Opponents' Representations of Parity Act's Purpose "Just Not True," ARRL   
   President Says   
      
   ARRL President Kay Craigie, N3KN, has taken strong exception to certain claims   
   being made by community association organizations about the Amateur Radio   
   Parity Act of 2015 -- H.R. 1301 and S. 1685. In an interview with Ham Radio   
   Now host Gary Pearce, KN4AQ, during the ARRL Roanoke Division Convention in   
   Shelby, North Carolina over Labor Day weekend, President Craigie stressed that   
   passage of the legislation is critical to ensuring the future of Amateur   
   Radio. And she described as "false" recent assertions that the bills' passage   
   would prevent community associations from requiring prior approval for 70-foot   
   ham radio towers and from creating reasonable processes   
   and aesthetic guidelines.   
      
   "As bills go, it's pretty short, and it's in plain English," President Craigie   
   said. "The legislation does not say that, it does not mean that. It's just not   
   true!" She pointed to the League's recent "Clarity on Amateur Radio Parity"   
   posting, which attempts to separate fact from fiction regarding the   
   legislation. The "Clarity" document explains the bill and "addresses some of   
   these statements that have no resemblance to anything that is factual in this   
   or any other solar system," she said.   
      
   "The only authority that [homeowners associations] would lose is the ability   
   to say, 'No, go away,'" said President Craigie. HOAs, she explained, would at   
   least have to negotiate "reasonable accommodation," which would depend on the   
   circumstances existing in a given neighborhood.   
      
   She also said that the Parity Act does not represent any sort of federal   
   government or FCC takeover or preemption of HOAs. "It does not take their   
   authority to regulate away," she said. "It only takes away their authority to   
   say 'no.' There's a big difference."   
      
   "The legislation does not even come close to what they are saying," agreed   
   ARRL Roanoke Division Director Dr Jim Boehner, N2ZZ, who was interviewed with   
   President Craigie at the Shelby Hamfest.   
      
   President Craigie said the proliferation of antenna-restricted communities   
   could dramatically affect the ability of young newcomers to engage in and   
   enjoy Amateur Radio. "A lot of people who are hams today got started as young   
   folks, and it led them into careers; it led them into all kinds of interesting   
   opportunities in their lives," she told Pearce. If a young person's parents   
   buy into a deed-restricted neighborhood, however, any ham radio aspirations   
   could be shut down, she said.   
      
   "We need to make sure that whatever community their parents decide to buy a   
   house in, that [prospective newcomers] will be able to have some kind of a   
   functioning antenna," President Craigie said. "Otherwise, our future has got a   
   major crimp in it."   
      
   "The world will not come to an end if the HOAs actually have to sit down and   
   communicate with the radio amateurs who live there," President Craigie   
   concluded.   
      
      
   Vintage Transmitter Sale Funds Opportunity for ARRL Teachers Institute   
   Participant   
      
   The sale of a vintage Collins transmitter has made it possible for a   
   Connecticut Amateur Radio club to fund a seat for a future ARRL Teachers   
   Institute on Wireless Technology participant. The ARRL-affiliated Chippens   
   Repeater Association/Bristol Radio Club (CRA/BRC) donated the money it   
   realized from the sale of the old transmitter to cover the League's cost of   
   providing the opportunity for an educator at a Teachers Institute session. As   
   part of its educational outreach to schools through the Education & Technology   
   Program, each summer the League offers multiple expenses-paid Teachers   
   Institute sessions at locations throughout the US.   
      
   "We have decided to fund a seat in the Teachers Institute program, since we   
   believe that teachers bringing Amateur Radio and wireless technology into   
   their classrooms and exposing their students to STEM lessons would be an   
   excellent use of the money," CRA/BRC Treasurer Bill Flaherty, W1GY, told ARRL   
   Development Manager Lauren Clarke, KB1YDD, in a letter accompanying the club's   
   check for $2000. Clarke said the League greatly appreciates the club members'   
   thoughtful and generous support.   
      
   "The Teachers Institute program, started by ARRL staff members and key   
   volunteers in 2000, has grown into one of ARRL's cornerstone programs," said   
   Clarke. "Applicants far exceed the number of available spots every year. By   
   sponsoring a 'seat' at a future Teachers Institute, the CRA/BRC is giving a   
   teacher a very special opportunity to teach Amateur Radio and wireless   
   technology and to engage students in STEM-related lessons."   
      
   Flaherty said the club hoped the donation would "help inspire future students   
   to become radio amateurs."   
      
      
   ARISS-International Delegates Meet in Tokyo   
      
   Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) International   
   delegates and representatives tackled a wide-ranging agenda when they met in   
   late August in Tokyo. The August 20-23 gathering was held in conjunction with   
   the Japan Amateur Radio League's 90th anniversary celebration and the JARL Ham   
   Fair. Those attending represented Canada, Europe, Japan, Russia, and the US.   
      
   Keigo Komuro, JA1KAB, of ARISS-Japan and JARL delivered opening remarks. ARRL   
   First Vice President Rick Roderick, K5UR, who was in Tokyo for the JARL Ham   
   Fair, also spoke briefly to the gathering. Kicking off the meeting was a   
   presentation by Hideshi Kagawa of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency   
   (JAXA) on its initiatives to launch and deploy small satellites and technology   
   payloads using JAXA's Epsilon launcher.   
      
   During the meeting, delegates voted to study the feasibility of creating an   
   interoperable radio system based on the Kenwood TM-D710 transceiver, which   
   would be interchangeable between the Columbus and Russian ISS modules.   
   "Currently items are certified for one or the other, but not both," explained   
   NASA ARISS Technical Liaison Mark Steiner, K3MS. "They also use two different   
   voltages, 28 V dc in the Russian segment and 120 V dc in the US segment.   
   Future equipment will be able to be used in either. This will significantly   
   improve our flexibility on orbit." Steiner added that the next set of   
   equipment being proposed for launch will follow this new requirement   
   for interoperability.   
      
   Delegates agreed to continue studying a proposal to use a so-called "Astro Pi"   
   unit -- a modified Raspberry Pi computer device -- to generate a slide show of   
   images for the Ham TV DATV system at times when no camera is attached. An   
   Astro Pi unit will accompany the UK's first ESA astronaut, Tim Peake, KG5BVI,   
   to the ISS in November.   
      
   A lot of discussion focused on fundraising and the formation of the   
   ARISS-International Sustainability and Funding Committee. Delegates discussed   
   funding projects and recommended yearly budgets. ARISS Chairman Frank Bauer,   
   KA3HDO, encouraged all ARISS regions to support development of an   
   international plan and strategy for funding and resources.   
      
   Delegates also considered a revision of the organization's current terms of   
   reference, to better formalize and document team roles, responsibilities, and   
   processes, and address other recent changes within the ARISS program.   
      
   ARISS-International delegates will meet next in Houston, Texas, in November   
   2016, the 20th anniversary of the inaugural ARISS working group meeting.   
      
      
   Jamboree On The Air 2015 Station Registration is Open   
      
   Worldwide station registration is open for the 2015 Boy Scouts Jamboree On The   
   Air/Jamboree On The Internet (JOTA/JOTI), which will take place over the   
   October 16-18 weekend. Registration requires a scout.org username, which   
   gives full access to the registration system as well as to many of the   
   JOTA/JOTI activities that will be under way during the weekend. JOTA is aimed   
   at fostering Scout-to-Scout communication across borders and is the largest   
   Scouting event in the world, with upward of 750,000 Scouts participating from   
   some 6000 stations in 150 countries. In the US 13,326 Scouts and visitors took   
   part in JOTA 2014.   
      
   Registration will also provide everything needed to take part in JamPuz (short   
   for "Jamboree Puzzle"), an identity code that JOTA-JOTI participants exchange   
   with one another. Required JID codes will be issued later in September, and   
   participation in JamPuz is optional.   
      
   The Boy Scouts encourage participating stations to submit JOTA reports and   
   photos following this fall's event. "We need your report to demonstrate the   
   success of JOTA to those in Scouting and Amateur Radio," said Jim Wilson,   
   K5ND, the national JOTA organizer. He has asked stations to note down the   
   number of Scouts participating, Amateur Radio licensees, and radios on the   
   air, as well as the total number of contacts and states and countries   
   contacted.   
      
   "We would also like to see your best photos and hear some stories about your   
   event," Wilson said. He advised local JOTA team organizers to add these tasks   
   to their JOTA "to-do" lists.   
      
   This is the 58th JOTA, held each year on the third weekend in October.   
      
      
   QCWA Recognizes 105-Year-Old Radio Amateur's 90 Years of Hamming   
      
   The Quarter Century Wireless Association (QCWA) has honored 105-year-old   
   Charlie Hellman, W2RP, of Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, for his 90 years in   
   Amateur Radio. The QCWA's announcement also served to flush out another active   
   ham who, while 1 year older than Hellman, has not been licensed quite as long.   
   On August 31, the QCWA presented a "90 Year Continuous Licensed Certificate   
   Award" (No 1) to Hellman, whom the organization at the time called "the oldest   
   living Amateur Radio operator in the United States and possibly the world."   
   Hellman got his ham ticket in 1925, when he was 15 years old. He joined QCWA   
   in 1975 and is a member of QCWA Chapter 181 in New York's Hudson Valley. He   
   gets on the air regularly.   
      
   After QCWA posted its announcement on the QRZ.com news forum, however, Marcel   
   Stieber, AI6MS, chimed in to point out that Hellman is not the oldest known   
   ham. He said that Harry Wolf, W6NKT, of Morro Bay, California, is 106,   
   although licensed but since 1936.   
      
   QCWA Webmaster Bob Roske, N0UF, stepped forward to renew Wolf's lapsed QCWA   
   membership and noted that since Wolf had been licensed for more than 75 years,   
   QCWA would issue him a life membership. And now the organization may   
   recognize his longevity as well.   
      
   First licensed as W2AMK, Hellman was an educator. After working his way   
   through the City College of New York, he taught physics on the secondary   
   level. During World War II, the Department of War tapped Hellman to write a   
   textbook, Elements of Radio, for training radio operators.   
      
   Two of Hellman's siblings also held ham tickets. His brother Robert, now   
   deceased, was W2JAN. His brother Benjamin, 96, is W2VB.   
      
   Also an educator, Wolf indicated on his QRZ.com profile that he once taught   
   electronics at the college level and, after retiring in 1973, went to live in   
   Hong Kong where he operated as VS6GF for 4 years before returning to   
   California. He said he's on the air every day, mostly on 40 meter CW.   
      
   Hellman's certificate reads, "The Quarter Century Wireless Association   
   presents this 90th Anniversary Award to its Distinguished Member Charles   
   'Charlie' Hellman, W2RP, to commemorate Ninety Years of Service as a licensed   
   Radio Amateur."   
      
   Hellman also received a congratulatory letter from QCWA President Ken Oelke,   
   VE6AFO. Read more. -- Thanks to QCWA, Pete Varounis, NL7XM, and Charles Tropp,   
   N2SO   
      
   ____________________________________________________________________________   
      
      
   Arkansas Ham Tops His Own Satellite Contact Distance Record   
      
   On September 5, Arkansas Amateur Radio satellite enthusiast Dave Swanson,   
   KG5CCI, topped the satellite contact distance record he had set just a few   
   days earlier. Operating from an old US Forest Service fire tower atop Rich   
   Mountain in extreme western Arkansas (EM24uq01mu), Swanson worked Manuel "Dom"   
   Ruiz, EA5TT, in Valencia, Spain (IM99sl48cx), via the venerable Oscar 7 (AO-7)   
   satellite, operating in Mode B (U/V).   
      
   "[T]his equates to 7947.381 km (4927.3 miles), which we believe to be a new   
   record for AO-7 Mode B," Swanson said in a posting to the AMSAT-BB. Unlike his   
   FO-29 record-setting contact on August 27, the contact between KG5CCI   
   and EA5TT was scheduled in advance. Swanson recorded the contact and posted it   
   on YouTube.   
      
   On August 27, Swanson worked Christophe Lucas, F4CQA, in Trouy, France, by   
   responding to his CQ. Swanson was operating on Shinall Mountain in Arkansas at   
   the time. The two operators calculated that their contact spanned 7599.959 km   
   (4712 miles). That appeared to break the previous distance records of 7537.799   
   km between W5CBF and G4DOL, and 7538.685 km between K4FEG and DK1TB, set on   
   FO-29.   
      
   AO-7, the oldest still-active satellite, was launched from Vandenberg Air   
   Force Base on November 15, 1974. It went silent in 1981 due to battery   
   failure, but it reactivated on June 21, 2002. AO-7 now will only operate when   
   it is in sunlight.   
      
      
   Nominations Open for the George Hart Distinguished Service Award   
      
   The ARRL is accepting nominations for the George Hart Distinguished Service   
   Award. The deadline to receive nominations and supporting materials is   
   November 1. The award honors longtime ARRL Communications Manager George Hart,   
   W1NJM (SK), the chief developer of the National Traffic System (NTS). Hart   
   died in 2013 at the age of 99.   
      
   Established by the ARRL Board of Directors in 2009, the George Hart   
   Distinguished Service Award is given annually to an ARRL member for exemplary   
   service to the League's Field Organization. Selection criteria include NTS   
   operating record, Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) participation, or   
   service to the ARRL Field Organization in terms of appointments and/or   
   leadership positions held.   
      
   Nominations should thoroughly document the nominee's lifetime activities and   
   achievements within the ARRL Field Organization. Nominees are expected to have   
   at least 15 years of distinguished service.   
      
   The Programs and Services Committee will serve as the Review Committee, and   
   the ARRL Board of Directors will make the final determination at its Annual   
   Meeting in January.   
      
   Submit nominations and related supporting material and letters of   
   recommendation via e-mail or postal mail to ARRL Field Organization Team   
   Supervisor Steve Ewald, WV1X, 225 Main St, Newington, CT 06111.   
      
      
   In Brief...   
      
   ARRL Server Maintenance Will Put All Website Systems Offline: Some ARRL   
   servers will undergo routine maintenance from 0000 UTC until 0700 UTC on   
   Sunday, September 13 (Saturday evening on September 12 into Sunday morning on   
   September 13 in US time zones). While the website will remain accessible, all   
   systems will be unavailable during this outage. This includes Logbook of The   
   World (LoTW), the ARRL Store, and all ARRL e-mail, including the ARRL E-Mail   
   Forwarding Service (@arrl.net addresses), and ARRL Headquarters   
   e-mail. E-mail will be queued for delivery after the system is back online. We   
   regret any inconvenience to our members and website visitors.   
      
      
   Mason P. Southworth, ex-W1VLH, SK; Headed ARRL IGY Propagation Project: Former   
   ARRL staffer Mason Southworth, ex-W1VLH, of Montara, California, died August   
   28 from complications related to a traumatic brain injury sustained 2 years   
   ago. He was 81. A graduate of Trinity College in Hartford and Rensselaer   
   Polytechnic Institute, he began work in 1956 at ARRL Headquarters, where he   
   met his wife, Freddie. While at ARRL, he was chosen to head the ARRL   
   International Geophysical Year (IGY) Propagation Research Project (PRP).   
   Conducted under a US Air Force contract, the PRP enlisted 600 Amateur Radio   
   operators from around the world to help improve the understanding of VHF   
   propagation. Data from the experiment, sorted and recorded on 300,000 computer   
   punch cards, provided a global footprint of VHF propagation phenomena.   
   Southworth subsequently directed a PRP follow-on project under O.G. Villard,   
   W6QYT, at Stanford University, researching transequatorial scatter   
   propagation. He later returned to the East Coast to join IBM, where he spent   
   25 years and became known for his ability to make complex technological   
   concepts accessible to non-scientists. During his League tenure, Southworth   
   authored numerous articles on the PRP as well as on VHF-related topics,   
   including construction projects.   
      
      
   A Reminder -- The ARRL September VHF Contest Beckons! The ARRL September VHF   
   Contest gets under way on September 12 at 1800 UTC and wraps up on September   
   14 at 0259 UTC. This operating event provides a chance for radio amateurs at   
   all levels to experience contesting on the most popular VHF and UHF bands, as   
   well as on those less-frequented frequencies above 450 MHz.   
      
   ____________________________________________________________________________   
      
      
   The K7RA Solar Update   
      
   Tad Cook, K7RA, in Seattle, reports: The Australian Space Forecast Centre   
   issued a Geomagnetic Disturbance Warning at 0132 UTC on September 8: "The   
   effect of a high-speed solar wind stream from a coronal hole is keeping   
   geomagnetic activity enhanced."   
      
   The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Daily Geomagnetic Data show   
   the resulting high numbers indicating geomagnetic instability. On HF we might   
   see higher absorption rates, but on VHF, we might see some interesting   
   propagation modes.   
      
   Note that there are no mid-latitude or high-latitude A index numbers for   
   September 8, 9, and 10. This is probably because geomagnetic activity was   
   strong enough to knock the respective magnetometers out of service.   
      
   Frank Donovan, W3LPL, shared a link to the American Astronomical Society Nova   
   article, "Witnessing Solar Rejuvenation," which proposes that Cycle 25 may be   
   similar to Cycle 24.   
      
   Weak solar activity continues. The average daily sunspot number for September   
   3-9 was only 37.3, down 11 points from the previous 7 days. Average daily   
   solar flux was 85.3, compared to 97 for the previous week.   
      
   Geomagnetic activity was strong, with the average planetary A index up from   
   19.4 to 27.1. The most active day was September 9, when the planetary A index   
   was 59.   
      
   The latest solar flux prediction from USAF/NOAA has readings of 85, 90, and   
   100 on September 10-12; 105 on September 13-14; 110 on September 15-17; 115 on   
   September 18-22; 110, 105, 100, and 95 on September 23-26; 90 on September   
   27-October 1, and 85 on October 2-7. Flux values then rise to 115 for October   
   15-19.   
      
   Predicted planetary A index is 28, 16, and 27 on September 10-12; 16, 10, and   
   8 on September 13-15; 5 on September 16-17; then 8, 20, and 10 on September   
   18-20; 5 on September 21-23; 15 and 10 on September 24-25; 5 on September   
   26-29; 8 and 18 on September 30-October 1; 12 on October 2-4; 8 on October 5;   
   5 on October 6-7; 8, 12, and 8 on October 8-10, and 10 on October 11-13.   
      
   Sunspot numbers for September 3 through 9 were 27, 36, 24, 38, 47, 40, and 49,   
   with a mean of 37.3. The 10.7 cm flux was 86.5, 89.9, 85.4, 85.6, 83.7, 83.5,   
   and 82.3, with a mean of 85.3. Estimated planetary A indices were 9, 20, 13,   
   14, 46, 29, and 59, with a mean of 27.1. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were   
   9, 18, 10, 12, 27, 24, and 31, with a mean of 18.7 (the September 8 and 9   
   numbers are my own estimates).   
      
   In Friday's bulletin we will look at a revised forecast. Send me your reports   
   and observations.   
      
   ____________________________________________________________________________   
      
      
   Just Ahead in Radiosport   
      
    *  September 11 -- NCCC RTTY Sprint Ladder   
    *  September 12 -- FOC QSO Party (CW)   
    *  September 12 -- WAE DX Contest (SSB)   
    *  September 12 -- Ohio State Parks on the Air (SSB)   
    *  September 12 -- Kulikovo Polye Contest (CW)   
    *  September 12-13 -- SKCC Weekend Sprintathon (CW)   
    *  September 12-13 -- Arkansas QSO Party (CW, SSB)   
    *  September 12-14 -- ARRL September VHF Contest   
    *  September 13 -- North American Sprint (CW)   
    *  September 16-17 -- CWops Mini-CWT Test   
    *  September 17 -- NAQCC CW Sprint   
      
   See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information.   
      
   ____________________________________________________________________________   
      
      
   Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions and Events   
      
    *  September 11-12 -- W9DXCC Convention, Schaumburg, Illinois   
    *  September 11-13 -- Southwestern Division Convention, Torrance,   
       California   
    *  September 12 -- Virginia Section Convention, Virginia Beach, Virginia   
    *  September 19 -- San Joaquin Valley Section Convention, Fresno,   
       California   
    *  September 25-26 -- W4DXCC/SEDCO Convention, Pigeon Forge, Tennessee   
    *  September 26 -- Iowa State Convention, Sergeant Bluff, Iowa   
    *  September 26 -- North Dakota State Convention, West Fargo, North Dakota   
    *  September 26 -- Washington State Convention, Spokane Valley, Washington   
    *  October 2-4 -- Mid-Atlantic States VHF Conference, Bensalem,   
       Pennsylvania   
    *  October 3 -- Delaware State Convention, Georgetown, Delaware   
    *  October 9-10 -- Florida State Convention, Melbourne, Florida   
    *  October 10-11 -- Pacific Northwest VHF Conference, Issaquah, Washington   
    *  October 16-18 -- Microwave Update Convention, San Diego, California   
    *  October 16-18 -- Pacific Division Convention (Pacificon), San Ramon,   
       California   
    *  October 17 -- Wisconsin ARES/RACES Conference, Wisconsin Rapids,   
       Wisconsin   
    *  October 18 -- Connecticut State Convention, Meriden, Connecticut   
    *  October 23-24 -- Arizona State Convention, Kingman, Arizona   
    *  October 23-24 -- Oklahoma State Convention, Ardmore, Oklahoma   
      
   Find conventions and hamfests in your area.   
      
   ____________________________________________________________________________   
      
      
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   described at http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/.   
      
   Copyright (C) 2015 American Radio Relay League, Inc. All Rights Reserved   
      
   www.arrl.org   
      
   )\/(ark   
      
   ... As the name implies it's made with ham & that's all we're going to say.   
   ---   
    * Origin:  (1:3634/12.73)