SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP001   
   ARLP001 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   ZCZC AP01   
   QST de W1AW   
   Propagation Forecast Bulletin 1  ARLP001   
   > From Tad Cook, K7RA   
   Seattle, WA  January 3, 2014   
   To all radio amateurs   
      
   SB PROP ARL ARLP001   
   ARLP001 Propagation de K7RA   
      
   Average daily sunspot numbers for the past week declined from 114.6   
   to 107.4, and average solar flux went from 138.8 to 139.2. This is   
   comparing the period from December 26 through January 1 with the   
   previous seven days.   
      
   The average daily sunspot number for the entire year of 2013 was   
   97.1, the highest since 2003. For 2008-2013 the yearly average was   
   4.7, 5.1, 25.5, 80.1, 82.3 and 97.1.   
      
   We've also been tracking a 3-month moving average of daily sunspot   
   numbers, and the value for October 1 through December 31 was 123.7,   
   the highest since December 2002 through February 2003, when it was   
   128.9.   
      
   The average daily sunspot number for October through December at   
   123.7 was even higher than the values for the first peak of the   
   current solar cycle in late 2011.  Back then the three month   
   averages ending in November and December were 118.8 and 118.6.   
      
   The average daily sunspot numbers for the three month periods ending   
   in February through December 2013 were 80.7, 85.2, 106.4, 106.4,   
   97.5, 85.6, 77.4, 91.2, 102.9 and 123.7. This is a moving average,   
   rather than a quarterly average. So each average includes another   
   new month as it drops off an old one.   
      
   Predicted solar flux for the short term is 165 on January 3, 170 on   
   January 4-5, then 175 and 170 on January 6-7, 165 on January 8-9,   
   then 135, 140 and 135 on January 10-12, 145 on January 13-14, 150 on   
   January 15-18, 145 on January 19, 140 on January 20-21 and 135 on   
   January 22-24.   
      
   Predicted planetary A index is 10 and 8 on January 3-4, then 5 on   
   January 5-22, then 10 and 8 on January 23-24.   
      
   OK1HH predicts active to disturbed geomagnetic conditions on January   
   3-4, quiet to unsettled January 5, quiet on January 6-9, quiet to   
   unsettled January 10, quiet to active January 11, quiet to unsettled   
   January 12, and mostly quiet on January 13-17.   
      
   Clark Stewart, W8TN of Hurricane, West Virginia pointed out that the   
   call ZM9ODX mentioned in the final propagation bulletin for 2013,   
   ARLP053, actually belongs to a New Zealand special event station. It   
   is not located on the subantarctic Auckland and Campbell islands, as   
   K6TTD thought. Ed Callaway, N4II of Boca Raton, Florida also pointed   
   this out.   
      
   W8TN has a nice blog devoted to amateur radio. Check it out at   
   http://w8tn.blogspot.com/ .   
      
   Randy Crews, W7TJ of Spokane, Washington sent in an observation on   
   the current solar cycle:   
      
   "The year 2013 will have the highest average Solar Flux of Cycle 24,   
   123 vs. 120 approximately for 2012. Fourth Quarter of 2011 was still   
   the highest quarter of Solar activity in Cycle 24 with an average SF   
   of 147.7 vs. 142.7 for the fourth quarter of 2013. It looks as if we   
   will see a carry over effect into the New Year.   
      
   "The big difference has been the SIZE of sunspots, not the number.   
   Comparatively, we have had the same number of sunspots each month of   
   this year. (Usually about 10-15 spots per day.) In October, November   
   and December there was a dramatic increase in the size of the   
   sunspots, raising the solar flux to values in the 160 to 175 range   
   and igniting 10 and 12 meters. Currently there is a very large   
   sunspot rotating into view on the left side of the Sun.   
      
   "Sunspots are important, however as this cycle has demonstrated -   
   size does matter. Twenty small sunspots can be present, however if   
   they are small, increases in solar flux will be anemic, and the   
   higher bands will suffer. The key is solar flux, and CERTAINLY NOT   
   the lagging indicator of smoothed sunspot numbers which will show a   
   peak long after it occurs. Kind of like showing up for the Rose Bowl   
   in Pasadena two months after it's played or put another way, you can   
   be running Europeans on 10 Meters with a SF of 175, and the Solar   
   Cycle peak might be 'officially' noted as happening three months   
   later when the Solar Flux is 95, and your sweating talking to   
   Europeans on 15 meters - hardly an accurate depiction and certainly   
   having no bearing on amateur's operating plans for either contests   
   or DXing."   
      
   NASA released an updated solar cycle prediction, which you can see   
   at http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/predict.shtml. The difference   
   from last month is they have upped their estimate for smoothed   
   sunspot number at the maximum from 65 to 67. Also, last month they   
   said "The smoothed sunspot number has been flat over the last four   
   months. We are currently over four years into Cycle 24."   
      
   This month that same paragraph was changed to "The smoothed sunspot   
   number has been rising again towards a second peak over the last   
   three months. We are currently over five years into Cycle 24."   
      
   If you would like to make a comment or have a tip for our readers,   
   email the author at, k7ra@arrl.net.   
      
   For more information concerning radio propagation, see the ARRL   
   Technical Information Service web page at   
   http://arrl.org/propagation-of-rf-signals. For an explanation of the   
   numbers used in this bulletin, see   
   http://arrl.org/the-sun-the-earth-the-ionosphere. An archive of past   
   propagation bulletins is at   
   http://arrl.org/w1aw-bulletins-archive-propagation. More good   
   information and tutorials on propagation are at http://k9la.us/.   
      
   Monthly propagation charts between four USA regions and twelve   
   overseas locations are at http://arrl.org/propagation.   
      
   Instructions for starting or ending email distribution of ARRL   
   bulletins are at http://arrl.org/bulletins.   
      
   Sunspot numbers for December 26 through January 1 were 96, 107, 95,   
   119, 93, 136, and 106, with a mean of 107.4. 10.7 cm flux was 124.7,   
   130.6, 134.5, 137, 142.9, 145.3, and 159.6, with a mean of 139.2.   
   Estimated planetary A indices were 3, 3, 3, 5, 3, 6, and 12, with a   
   mean of 5. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 2, 3, 4, 4, 2, 6,   
   and 11, with a mean of 4.6.   
   NNNN   
   /EX   
      
      
   )\/(ark   
      
   Not only is the Universe stranger than we think, it is stranger than we can   
   think. - Werner Heisenberg   
      
   --- FMail/Win32 1.60   
    * Origin:  (1:3634/12.71)