Just a sample of the Echomail archive
Cooperative anarchy at its finest, still active today. Darkrealms is the Zone 1 Hub.
|    LS_ARRL    |    Bulletins from the ARRL    |    3,036 messages    |
[   << oldest   |   < older   |   list   |   newer >   |   newest >>   ]
|    Message 1,252 of 3,036    |
|    mark lewis to all    |
|    The ARRL Contest Update for February 12,    |
|    12 Feb 14 10:48:04    |
      If you are having trouble reading this message, you can see the original at:       http://www.arrl.org/contests/update/?issue=2014-02-12              The ARRL Contest Update              February 12, 2014       Editor: Ward Silver, NOAX              IN THIS ISSUE        * DX Calling You - ARRL DX CW Contest        * Really Lower Sideband - CQ WW 160 SSB        * ARRL Contest Branch Turnaround        * Band Charts by G3NRW        * Rovin' with the Grid Pirates        * ARRL September VHF Results by K1TEO        * Wintertime and the Climbin's Not Easy        * Folding Up Antennas        * The Boundary Problem, Part One              NEW HF OPERATORS - THINGS TO DO              If you like CW DX, the ARRL's International DX CW Contest keeps the DX aiming       in your direction. With propagation so good lately, this might be a good       weekend to spend on the radio. I never fail to recommend the North American       QSO Party events and there's a good one for new RTTY operators next weekend.              BULLETINS              The ARRL Field Day rules and information packet is now available online.       (Thanks, Dan N1ND)              BUSTED QSOS              No errors to report in the previous issue.              CONTEST SUMMARY              Complete information for all contests follows the Conversation section              February 15-16               * ARRL International CW DX Contest        * NAQCC Monthly QRP Sprint--CW (Feb 12)        * CWops Monthly Mini-CWT Tests (Feb 12)        * PODXS 070 Club Valentine Sprint (Feb 14)        * Russian WW PSK Contest (Feb 14)        * Feld-Hell Bingo Sprint        * Maine 2m FM Simplex Challenge        * Run For the Bacon--CW (Feb 17)        * Semi-Automatic Key Evening (Feb 19)              February 22-23               * North American QSO Party RTTY        * CQ WW 160 Meter SSB (Feb 21)        * REF Contest--Phone        * SARL Youth Day Sprint--Phone        * UBA Contest--CW        * North Carolina QSO Party        * CQC Winter QSO Party              NEWS, PRESS RELEASES, AND GENERAL INTEREST              There have been some changes in the ARRL Contest Branch following the January       23rd resignation of Mike DeChristopher, N1TA, as ARRL Contest Manager. Former       Contest Branch Manager, Sean Kutzko, KX9X, catches us up on the situation.       "Since Mike's resignation, a team of ARRL staffers, including former Contest       Managers Dan Henderson, N1ND and myself, have come together to address the       needs of the Contest Branch until a replacement is found. Dave Patton, NN1N,       is managing this team.              "Our efforts are directed as follows:       1) Eliminate the backlog of overdue awards certificates and plaques;       2) Keep normal day-to-day Contest Branch functions running on schedule;       3) Restore the "customer service" side of the Contest Branch to superior       levels.              "With the help of several ARRL staffers in the Awards Branch, we have sent out       over 5,000 awards certificates in the last two weeks, including the 2012 CW       and Phone Sweepstakes, the 2012 September VHF Contest, the 2012 August UHF       Contest, the 2013 RTTY Roundup. 1,100 certificates for the 2012 10 Meter       Contest were just sent to the ARRL mail room and should go out by the middle       of the week. In addition, plaques for the 2012 CW Sweepstakes and 2013 RTTY       Roundup were shipped. 2012 Phone Sweepstakes plaques were ordered last week       and will be shipped within three weeks. We will continue to aggressively work       on the backlog of overdue awards and hope to be caught up soon. You are       welcome to monitor our awards progress at www.arrl.org/plaques-a       d-certificates which is updated regularly.              "We do not foresee any delays in publication of contest results online or in       QST. In addition, several results tables, log checking reports and databases       have been uploaded to www.arrl.org/contest-results-articles in the last two       weeks.              "Finally, we are working together to take care of customer service inquiries       to the Contest Branch and reply as rapidly as possible. We are disappointed       with the delays in communications and awards fulfillment that contesters have       experienced. The past few months have not been up to ARRL standards; we       apologize for this and are working hard to correct it.              "If you have any specific questions or inquiries of the ARRL Contest Branch,       feel free to contact either Dave Patton, NN1N at nn1n@arrl.org or Sean Kutzko,       KX9X at kx9x@arrl.org at any time. We thank you for your continued patience       while we address these issues." (ARRL Media and Public Relations Manager, Sean       Kutzko, KX9X)              Updated rules for the 2014 CQ WPX Contests have been posted, including a new       category - Multioperator, Single-Transmitter, Low Power. The rules have also       been reformatted in a similar fashion to what was done for the CQ World Wide       Contest rules last fall. The intent is to clarifying long-standing positions       for the contest. (Thanks, CQ WPX Contest Director, Terry N4TZ)              The WRTC-2014 committee has announced three of the four sponsored teams for       this coming July's competition:               * The "Latitude 13" team of Tom Georgens, W2SC/8P1A/8P5A and Dave Mueller,        N2NL/NH2T. So named because the locations from which the two operators        usually compete are both at 13 degrees latitude.        * "RadioTeam Azores" sponsored by the Azores Tourism Association consists        of contesting legends Martti Lane, OH2BH, and Ville Hiilesmaa, OH2MM,        both frequent operators from the Azores.        * The "Brazil-Bulgaria Friendship Team" is sponsored by a consortium that        includes The Araucaria DX Group, Triumph IESA Infrastructure AS, the Sao        Paulo section of LABRE, K1LZ, and the Bulgarian Federation of Radio        Amateurs (BFRA). They have appointed Soni Leite, PY1NX, and Atasnas        "Nasko" Koitchev, LZ3YY/LZ9R, as their team.              The fourth and final Team Sponsorship will be made available through an       auction to be conducted March 8, 2014. Anyone interested in participating in       the auction should contact WRTC Chairman, Doug Grant, K1DG, as quickly as       possible to register.              DX Engineering is now the exclusive source for KD9SV Products Low Band receive       transformers, preamplifiers, antenna switching units and other products. KD9SV       Products for Low Band receiving antenna systems are well-known and have been       used by DXers and contesters for over 25 years.              JVC Kenwood has purchased the E.F. Johnson Company. EFJ has been manufacturing       radios for a long time and you'll see the hamfest vintage equipment tables       loaded with Johnson Rangers and Vikings and Thunderbolts while their Matchbox       antenna tuners are still doing the job in antenna systems across the land.       Lately, EFJ has been better known for its P25 VHF/UHF equipment used in public       safety communication systems.              Bill K3WA found this interesting QSOMap web site in development that will take       ADIF or LoTW logs and create a world map with pins. You apply various filters       such as band, mode, and so forth. Bill used it to map out his QRP DXCC       contacts, for example.              To celebrate 35 years of the founding of the Cayman Amateur Radio Society, its       members have been authorized by the ICTA to use ZF35 prefixes through January       19, 2015. Make sure your CTY files are updated to handle the new prefixes!              Tom K1KI discovered this article about scanning your brain on overload. Does       this count as a decoder?              If you have an old URL for the AMSAT website, you may find incomplete website       and broken links. Following a hacking incident some time ago, the new site       (www.amsat.org) was rebuilt and is operating properly. Refresh your bookmarks,       if necessary. (Thanks, AMSAT VP of Operations, Drew KO4MA)              Web Site of the Week - Ian G3NRW has updated the Band Utilization Charts for       30 meters, 60 meter UK allocations, and 160 meters. He asks to be notified by       email if you know of anything that needs updating. He reminds us that these       charts are not band plans, they are just indicators of actual band utilization.              WORD TO THE WISE              Jump ball - what happens when a North American Sprint QSO ends and several       stations call to make the QSO and acquire the frequency. See the Operating Tip       section for more about Sprint-style operation.              SIGHTS AND SOUNDS              Terry W8ZN and Andy K1RA activated the Grid Pirates Contest Group call sign       K8GP as a rover in the ARRL January VHF Contest and put together a musical       video exploration of the highways and byways on their route. The full story is       online, too.              The rarely seen Beamed Phantasatron tube would certainly have made a nice       final amplifier in the shack. Very final. (Thanks, Bob N6TV)              Speaking of tubes, the Los Boludos website shows a whole family of uses for       vacuum tubes! (Thanks, George K5TR)              RESULTS AND RECORDS              The extended writeup by Jeff K1TEO for the ARRL September VHF Contest has been       published on the Contest Results Articles page. Part of the catching up       process noted above, Log Checking Reports are now available for the 2013 ARRL       June VHF and August UHF contests.              While some ARRL RTTY Roundup log submitters received "late" notices from the       email log-handling robot software on the final day before the deadline, all       RTTY Roundup logs were accepted through Friday, February 7th. If you have any       question about whether your log was accepted, check the ARRL's Logs Received       page to be sure your log is listed there.              Ray ND8L reminds us that many sponsorship opportunities remain for 2013-2014       CQ WW RTTY plaques and 2014 CQ WW WPX plaques. The cost for these attractive       plaques for US categories is $65.00. For the plaques that must be shipped       internationally the cost increases to $75.00.              OPERATING TIP              The North American Sprint contests are different than the usual contests and       take a little getting used to for new sprinters. Here are a few tips:               * Call CQ! If the action is just too fast and furious, find a clear spot        and call CQ. Somebody will find you! Don't forget that after calling CQ        results in a QSO you have to move 5 kHz before you can CQ again or 1 kHz        to call someone else.        * At the end of a CQ, follow your call with "NA" on CW or "Sprint" on        phone so other sprinters don't assume you're calling some other station.        * If you can set up your logging software this way or just remember to do        it, follow the sprint conventions sending your call sign in the        exchange: If you called CQ and are responding to a caller, send their        call followed by your call, number, name, and QTH. If you are responding        to a CQ'ers exchange, send your call at the end of your exchange. Doing        so alerts the other sprinters that you will be inheriting the frequency        and...jump ball!        * Don't forget to acknowledge that you received the information in the        exchange. On CW, send "R" or something long enough to be heard through        the din. On phone, "Thanks" will do. If you don't acknowledge or send        something too short (like a single "dit") the other station may not log        your QSO, resulting in a Not-In-the-Log (NIL) for you!              TECHNICAL TOPICS AND INFORMATION              Double-up on tower safety in the winter! Faults and failures don't wait for       good weather and sometimes you just have to climb in the cold. If you do,       Kelly Hill from RCR Wireless wrote up this helpful article about cold weather       tower work. (Thanks, Eric W3DQ)              How much air flow is enough through an amplifier tube or tube chimney? Roger       K8RI suggests just start by measuring pressure drop across the tube using the       simple manometer design in the ARRL Handbook. If the pressure drop is right,       then by definition you have the right amount of air flow. You might not want       to run a blower at full throttle all the time since they can be pretty noisy.       Roger's solution is to use a temperature sensor in the exhaust air to control       a high/low setting for the blower. A switch to put the blower on HIGH will be       helpful during digital operation.              John G4ATA's nice web page on low-band 4-squares and other arrays has been       updated after a period of inactivity. He has plans for a new 4-square on 40       meters for a portable operation in the CQ WPX Phone contest and will be       testing it during the preceding Russian DX Contest.              During my recent visit to the Arecibo Observatory, I noticed some new antennas       at the bottom of the big dish shown in the photo at right. I dropped an email       to Dr. Jim Breakall, better known as WA3FET, who explained his latest project.       "There are 3 crossed-dipoles for 5.1 MHz and another 3 for 8.175 MHz forming       an array that will beam energy up to a net mesh reflector that will hang from       the 3 big towers. This "cassegrain" reflector will then reflect energy back       down to the 1000-foot dish and beam 100s of megawatts up to the ionosphere to       modify it. Each of the dipoles is fed from a 100 kW transmitter giving a total       transmitted power of 600 kW. With the gain of the dish even at HF, that       produces 100s of megawatts." I wonder if he could split the difference and get       on 40 meters during Sweepstakes!              Three projects caught my eye in recent emails from the Instructables website.       The first is a Foot-Operated Hold-Down Tool that I can easily see being used       in the antenna shop. Anyone who has hauled a big piece of equipment in the       trunk will get some ideas from the article on Configurable Cargo Blocks. And       if you really want to protect your bike-mounted radio, our favorite Pelican       case makes an appearance in this handlebar-mounted basket for radio geeks!       (Thanks, Frank KR1ZAN)              Any teachers of analog circuit design reading this issue? I know you're out       there...I have been such an instructor and enjoyed this flyer from Analog       Devices features their tools for helping students effectively learn analog       design. Whether you use the Analog Devices gear or not, there is plenty to       consider about the types of tools to use.              For HFTA users who haven't dealt with MicroDEM in a while, HFTA's author, Dean       N6BV observes that USGS changes the data access websites for terrain data       fairly frequently. This causes MicroDEM to fail or get the wrong stuff. Dean       suggests "that you do a complete re-install of MicroDEM -- I suggest that you       first uninstall the version you have on your computer now. Then go to       www.usna.edu/Users/oceano/pguth/website/microdem/microdemdown.htm and download       the "Complete MICRODEM Install". Run it, followed by downloading the latest       executable microdem.exe. This should properly install all the various files       that MicroDEM needs to function properly." John VA7JW has written an       impressive how-to guide for HFTA and MicroDEM beginners that is worth       reviewing. There is also a Potomac Valley Radio Club webinar on the process       that has been archived by the World Wide Radio Operators Foundation. USGS has       confirmed that they have discontinued the GeoTIFF data format that contained       the needed .GIF file, as a cost-cutting measure. For the moment, at least, you       can still get un-updated GeoTIFF. The default format is ArcGrid, just as it       used to be direct from USGS, but you can modify your data request to change to       GeoTIFF. (Thanks, Pete N4ZR)              Technical Web Site of the Week - This Microwaves & RF magazine article on       using origami paper-folding techniques to compress antennas is a great example       of innovative thinking.              CONVERSATION              The Boundary Problem, Part One              As technology continues to drive widespread change throughout ham radio,       radiosport is by no means immune. In fact, radiosport is on the "bleeding       edge" of those changes in many instances. While adopting and inventing new       technology is an important aspect of radiosport -- and of ham radio, generally       -- it also presents continual challenges to our assumptions about how       competitions are defined and organized.              A lot has changed since the early days of contesting when the edgy technology       discussions were about 2 meter AM alerting channels and learning to hold the       logging pencil while you sent code with a Hallicrafters HA-1 electronic keyer       and single-lever paddle. Yet by and large, our categories are still more or       less as they were a half-century ago with the sometimes-grudging addition of       "assisted" classifications that create more confusion than clarity.              Onward into the 21st century -- do the new technologies of ubiquitous data and       computer-controlled multi-radio shacks require a completely new game?       Certainly, novel types of contests can and will be created but it's still       necessary to agree on the basic definitions and relationships. That's usually       where the trouble, er, fun begins. Addressing these questions is the topic of       this multi-part series with the intent of encouraging discussions of where and       how we go forward from here.              The basic architecture of radiosport contesting is defined by the following       things; boundaries, the information that crosses them, the equipment within       those boundaries, and the operation of that equipment.              Boundaries are the standard lines-on-a-map that have been around a long time.       For instance, the CQ World Wide Contest rules require all of the equipment to       be within a 500-meter diameter circle and the ARRL's Affiliated Club       Competition rules specify a 175-mile diameter circle for Unlimited and Medium       clubs. Circles seem popular! We understand physical boundaries but what about       other types? Abstract sorts of boundaries might also apply to off-site       computing services or data-sharing in cyberspace somehow. Future contests will       have to address these and similar issues.              Information means any data or signals pertaining to other stations       participating in the contest. This is a more inclusive way of referring to all       of the radio signals, spotting information, Internet messages, telephone       calls, etc that relate to what a station is doing, on or off the air. Contest       rules can limit what information can be produced (power limits, bands of       operation), what information can be received (limits on spots and non-radio       communications like telephone calls), and specify what information must be       exchanged and recorded. Contest rules can restrict the information allowed to       cross boundaries, as well, and in either direction -- either incoming or       outgoing.              Equipment is any device or program used to generate, process, transmit, or       receive information. Another broad group, this includes everything from the       antenna to the software used to log contacts. Some contests place no       restrictions on equipment -- use whatever you have. Other contests restrict       the use of certain types of equipment, such as automated decoders or lockout       devices. Stations consist of equipment within a boundary defined by the       contest sponsor.              Operation is the exercise of a control function on any of the equipment or use       of information to affect a submitted log or score. In other words, how the       equipment and information are used in order to produce the contest entry.       Operators are the entities (human or otherwise) that engage in operation.       Well, duh! Why that fine distinction? Some contests might restrict the use of       automated devices that perform control functions, such as spotting other       stations. Or perhaps the rules specify whether the operator must be physically       located within the station boundary.              That's plenty to get us started. It seems awfully basic but so are bricks and       that's what buildings are made of. Creating a sturdy building requires good       bricks and a plan for using them. And that's where we will pick up the thread       next time!              73, Ward NOAX              CONTESTS              12 February through 25 February              An expanded, downloadable version of QST's Contest Corral in PDF format is       available. Check the sponsor's Web site for information on operating time       restrictions and other instructions.              HF CONTESTS              ARRL International CW DX Contest--CW, from Feb 15, 0000Z to Feb 16, 2359Z.       Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Exchange: RST, state/province or power. Logs due: Mar 18.       Rules              North American QSO Party RTTY--Digital, from Feb 22, 1800Z to Feb 23, 0600Z.       Bands (MHz): 3.5-28. Exchange: Name and S/P/C. Logs due: 7 days. Rules              NAQCC Monthly QRP Sprint--CW, from Feb 12, 0130Z to Feb 12, 0330Z. Bands       (MHz): 3.5-14. Monthly on 2nd Tuesday or 3rd Wednesday local time       (alternating). Exchange: RST, S/P/C, and NAQCC mbr nr or power. Logs due: 4       days. Rules              CWops Monthly Mini-CWT Tests--CW, from Feb 12, 1300Z - See website. Multiple       time periods. Bands (MHz): 1.8-28. Twice monthly on 2nd and 4th Wed, 28 to 38       kHz above band edge. Exchange: Name and member number or S/P/C. Logs due: 2       days. Rules              PODXS 070 Club Valentine Sprint--Digital, from Feb 14, 8 PM to Feb 15, 2 AM.       Bands (MHz): 1.8-7. 1.807, 3.580, 7.070/7.035 EU/7.028 JA (MHz). Exchange:       Name, OM or YL, S/P/C. Logs due: Feb 28. Rules              Russian WW PSK Contest--Digital, from Feb 14, 2100Z to Feb 15, 2100Z. Bands       (MHz): 1.8-28. Exchange: RST and oblast code or serial. Logs due: 15 days.       Rules              Feld-Hell Bingo Sprint--Digital, from Feb 15, 2000Z to Feb 15, 2200Z. Bands       (MHz): 1.8-28, 50, Monthly on 3rd Saturday. Exchange: RST, S/P/C, Feld-Hell       member nr. Logs due: 7 days. Rules              Run For the Bacon--CW, from Feb 17, 0200Z to Feb 17, 0400Z. Bands (MHz):       1.8-28. Monthly on 3rd Sunday night (local). Exchange: RST, S/P/C, Flying Pig       nr or power. Rules              Semi-Automatic Key Evening--CW, from Feb 19, 1900Z to Feb 19, 2030Z. Bands       (MHz): 3.5. Exchange: RST, serial, first year of bug use. Logs due: Mar 15.       Rules              CQ WW 160 Meter SSB--Phone, from Feb 21, 2200Z to Feb 23, 2200Z. Bands (MHz):       1.8. Exchange: RST and state/province or CQ zone. Logs due: 5 days. Rules              REF Contest--Phone, from Feb 22, 0600Z to Feb 23, 1800Z. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28.       Exchange: RS and French dept or serial. Logs due: 15 days. Rules              SARL Youth Day Sprint--Phone, from Feb 22, 0800Z to Feb 22, 1000Z. Bands       (MHz): 7. Exchange: RS and age. Logs due: 7 days. Rules              UBA Contest--CW, from Feb 22, 1300Z to Feb 23, 1300Z. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28.       Exchange: RS, serial, and ON province. Logs due: 2 weeks. Rules              North Carolina QSO Party--Phone,CW,Digital, from Feb 23, 1500Z to Feb 24,       0059Z. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28, 50, 144, CW 3.54, 7.04, 7.14, 14.04, 21.04, 28.04,       50.04, 144.04; Phone 3.86, 7.26, 14.26, 21.36, 28.36, 50.16, 52.04(FM),       144.26, 146.58(FM) MHz. Exchange: NC county or S/P/C, RS(T) optional. Logs       due: 15 days. Rules              CQC Winter QSO Party--Phone,CW, from Feb 24, 0100Z to Feb 24, 0259Z. Bands       (MHz): 3.5-14. 3.560, 7.040, 14.060 MHz. Exchange: RS(T), S/P/C, name, CQC nr       or power. Logs due: 30 days. Rules              VHF+ CONTESTS              Feld-Hell Bingo Sprint--Digital, from Feb 15, 2000Z to Feb 15, 2200Z. Bands       (MHz): 1.8-28, 50, Monthly on 3rd Saturday. Exchange: RST, S/P/C, Feld-Hell       member nr. Logs due: 7 days. Rules              Maine 2m FM Simplex Challenge--Phone, from Feb 16, 1700Z to Feb 16, 2100Z.       Bands (MHz): 144, FM simplex frequencies only. Exchange: Call sign, power,       city name. Logs due: 15 days. Rules              North Carolina QSO Party--Phone,CW,Digital, from Feb 23, 1500Z to Feb 24,       0059Z. Bands (MHz): 3.5-28, 50, 144, CW 3.54, 7.04, 7.14, 14.04, 21.04, 28.04,       50.04, 144.04; Phone 3.86, 7.26, 14.26, 21.36, 28.36, 50.16, 52.04(FM),       144.26, 146.58(FM) MHz. Exchange: NC county or S/P/C, RS(T) optional. Logs       due: 15 days. Rules              LOG DUE DATES              12 February through 25 February               * February 13 - QRP Fox Hunt        * February 14 - CQ WW RTTY WPX Contest        * February 15 - Asia-Pacific Spring Sprint, CW        * February 15 - WAB 1.8 MHz Phone        * February 15 - QRP Fox Hunt        * February 15 - CWops Mini-CWT Test        * February 15 - NAQCC Straight Key/Bug Sprint        * February 16 - NCCC Sprint Ladder        * February 16 - SKCC Weekend Sprintathon        * February 17 - 10-10 Int. Winter Contest, SSB        * February 17 - SARL Field Day Contest        * February 18 - AWA Linc Cundall Memorial CW Contest        * February 18 - Hungarian DX Contest        * February 19 - ARRL January VHF Contest        * February 19 - RSGB 80m Club Championship, Data        * February 20 - Russian PSK WW Contest        * February 22 - Feld Hell Sprint        * February 22 - SARL Youth Day Sprint        * February 23 - Run for the Bacon QRP Contest        * February 25 - RSGB 1st 1.8 MHz Contest              ARRL Information              Click here to advertise in this newsletter, space subject to availability.              Your One-Stop Resource for Amateur Radio News and Information              Join or Renew Today!              ARRL membership includes QST, Amateur Radio's most popular and informative       journal, delivered to your mailbox each month.              Subscribe to NCJ - the National Contest Journal. Published bimonthly, features       articles by top contesters, letters, hints, statistics, scores, NA Sprint and       QSO Parties.              Subscribe to QEX - A Forum for Communications Experimenters. Published       bimonthly, features technical articles, construction projects, columns and       other items of interest to radio amateurs and communications professionals.              Free of charge to ARRL members: Subscribe to The ARRL Letter (weekly digest of       news and information), the ARES E-Letter (monthly public service and emergency       communications news), Division and Section news -- and much more!              ARRL offers a wide array of products to enhance your enjoyment of Amateur       Radio. Visit the site often for new publications, specials and sales.              Donate to the fund of your choice -- support programs not funded by member       dues!              Reprint permission can be obtained by sending email to permission@arrl.org       with a description of the material and the reprint publication.              ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS              ARRL Contest Update wishes to acknowledge information from WA7BNM's Contest       Calendar and SM3CER's Contest Calendar.              ____________________________________________________________________________              The ARRL Contest Update is published every other Wednesday (26 times each       year). ARRL members may subscribe at no cost or unsubscribe by editing their       Member Data Page as described at http://www.arrl.org/contests/update/.              Copyright (c) 2014 American Radio Relay League, Inc. All Rights Reserved              www.arrl.org                            )\/(ark              One of the great tragedies of life is the murder of a beautiful theory by a       gang of brutal facts. --Benjamin Franklin              --- FMail/Win32 1.60        * Origin: (1:3634/12.71)    |
[   << oldest   |   < older   |   list   |   newer >   |   newest >>   ]
(c) 1994, bbs@darkrealms.ca