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                           Astronomy Picture of the Day   
      
       Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our   
         fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation   
                       written by a professional astronomer.   
      
                                 2023 September 13   
      A galaxy with blue spiral arms is seen in the image center in the midst   
        of numerous foreground stars. This galaxy is surrounded by a white   
           envelope, which was found to be hydrogen gas. Please see the   
                    explanation for more detailed information.   
      
                     NGC 4632: Galaxy with a Hidden Polar Ring   
      Credit: Jayanne English (U. Manitoba), Nathan Deg (Queen's University)   
        & WALLABY Survey, CSIRO/ASKAP, NAOJ/Subaru Telescope; Text: Jayanne   
                               English (U. Manitoba)   
      
      Explanation: Galaxy NGC 4632 hides a secret from optical telescopes. It   
      is surrounded by a ring of cool hydrogen gas orbiting at 90 degrees to   
      its spiral disk. Such polar ring galaxies have previously been   
      discovered using starlight. However, NGC 4632 is among the first in   
      which a radio telescope survey revealed a polar ring. The featured   
      composite image combines this gas ring, observed with the highly   
      sensitive ASKAP telescope, with optical data from the Subaru telescope.   
      Using virtual reality, astronomers separated out the gas in the main   
      disk of the galaxy from the ring, and the subtle color gradient traces   
      its orbital motion. Why do polar rings exist? They could be material   
      pulled from one galaxy as it gravitationally interacts with a   
      companion. Or hydrogen gas flows along the filaments of the cosmic web   
      and accretes into a ring around a galaxy, some of which gravitationally   
      contracts into stars.   
      
                          Tomorrow's picture: open space   
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          Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (UMCP)   
               NASA Official: Phillip Newman Specific rights apply.   
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                         A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC,   
                              NASA Science Activation   
                                & Michigan Tech. U.   
      
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