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                           Astronomy Picture of the Day   
      
       Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our   
         fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation   
                       written by a professional astronomer.   
      
                                 2023 February 12   
       An unremarkable red building is seen past a large parking lot. Above   
      them both are a bank of very unusual clouds with many nodules pointing   
         down. The scene is lit by sunlight from the side. Please see the   
                    explanation for more detailed information.   
      
                           Mammatus Clouds over Nebraska   
                 Image Credit & Copyright: Jorn Olsen Photography   
      
      Explanation: When do cloud bottoms appear like bubbles? Normally, cloud   
      bottoms are flat. This is because moist warm air that rises and cools   
      will condense into water droplets at a specific temperature, which   
      usually corresponds to a very specific height. As water droplets grow,   
      an opaque cloud forms. Under some conditions, however, cloud pockets   
      can develop that contain large droplets of water or ice that fall into   
      clear air as they evaporate. Such pockets may occur in turbulent air   
      near a thunderstorm. Resulting mammatus clouds can appear especially   
      dramatic if sunlit from the side. The mammatus clouds pictured here   
      were photographed over Hastings, Nebraska during 2004 June.   
      
                        Tomorrow's picture: airglow chateau   
        __________________________________________________________________   
      
          Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (UMCP)   
               NASA Official: Phillip Newman Specific rights apply.   
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                         A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC,   
                              NASA Science Activation   
                                & Michigan Tech. U.   
      
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