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                           Astronomy Picture of the Day   
      
       Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our   
         fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation   
                       written by a professional astronomer.   
      
                                 2021 November 17   
      
                          NGC 3314: When Galaxies Overlap   
         Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble; Processing & Copyright: William   
                        Ostling (The Astronomy Enthusiast)   
      
      Explanation: Why doesn't the nearby galaxy create a gravitational   
      lensing effect on the background galaxy? It does, but since both   
      galaxies are so nearby, the angular shift is much smaller than the   
      angular sizes of the galaxies themselves. The featured Hubble image of   
      NGC 3314 shows two large spiral galaxies which happen to line up   
      exactly. The foreground spiral NGC 3314a appears nearly face-on with   
      its pinwheel shape defined by young bright star clusters. Against the   
      glow of the background galaxy NGC 3314b, though, dark swirling lanes of   
      interstellar dust can also be seen tracing the nearer spiral's   
      structure. Both galaxies appear on the edge of the Hydra Cluster of   
      Galaxies, a cluster that is about 200 million light years away.   
      Gravitational lens distortions are much easier to see when the lensing   
      galaxy is smaller and further away. Then, the background galaxy may   
      even be distorted into a ring around the nearer. Fast gravitational   
      lens flashes due to stars in the foreground galaxy momentarily   
      magnifying the light from stars in the background galaxy might one day   
      be visible in future observing campaigns with high-resolution   
      telescopes.   
      
                          Tomorrow's picture: open space   
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