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                           Astronomy Picture of the Day   
      
       Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our   
         fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation   
                       written by a professional astronomer.   
      
                                   2025 July 15   
       A view of the surface of Mars shows an unusual feature -- a seemingly   
       square crater bounded on three sides. Please see the explanation for   
                            more detailed information.   
      
                         Collapse in Hebes Chasma on Mars   
               Image Credit & License: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)   
      
      Explanation: What's happened in Hebes Chasma on Mars? Hebes Chasma is a   
      depression just north of the enormous Valles Marineris canyon. Since   
      the depression is unconnected to other surface features, it is unclear   
      where the internal material went. Inside Hebes Chasma is Hebes Mensa, a   
      5 kilometer high mesa that appears to have undergone an unusual partial   
      collapse -- a collapse that might be providing clues. The featured   
      image, taken by ESA's robotic Mars Express spacecraft currently   
      orbiting Mars, shows great details of the chasm and the unusual   
      horseshoe shaped indentation in the central mesa. Material from the   
      mesa appears to have flowed onto the floor of the chasm, while a   
      possible dark layer appears to have pooled like ink on a downslope   
      landing. One hypothesis holds that salty rock composes some lower   
      layers in Hebes Chasma, with the salt dissolving in melted ice flows   
      that drained through holes into an underground aquifer.   
      
                      Tomorrow's picture: unicorn space rose   
        __________________________________________________________________   
      
          Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (UMCP)   
               NASA Official: Amber Straughn Specific rights apply.   
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