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   Hi, Ardith Hinton!   
   I read your message from 08.04.2022 20:24   
      
    AK>> an informal way to say and write "am not", "are not", "is   
    AK>> not", "has not" or "have not".   
      
    AH> AFAIK it's widely accepted in many regional dialects, and I have   
    AH> been known to say "ain't nobody here but us chickens" when somebody   
    AH> asks whether any other people are still reading an echo which   
    AH> hasn't had much recent traffic. I can get away with it in a jocular   
    AH> /informal context. For those who must pass an exam to demonstrate   
    AH> their proficiency in English, I wouldn't recommend it. ;-)   
      
   Olly Richards obviously tried to make his pupils to see in their    
   imagination some bright images. I was given this textbook by a man who    
   studied English in California when he was a boy. As for me I read any    
   book got in my hands. :)   
      
    AK>> "There is no law for me. And there ain't no law needed for this   
    AK>> town either!"   
      
    AH> I must confess I have to wonder about Olly Richards. I imagine he   
    AH> is churning out "high interest, low difficulty" reading material.   
    AH> Tales about the wild & woolly west do have a certain popular   
    AH> appeal, in North America at least, although the content may be   
    AH> formulaic &/or stereotypical &/or exaggerated. But tales about   
    AH> gangsters & businessmen who think they're above the law &/or who've   
    AH> found ways to get others to do their dirty work for them have a   
    AH> certain popular appeal too. I guess they're the updated version of   
    AH> ye olde cowboy movies. I'm not saying you shouldn't read literature   
    AH> I'd take with a grain of salt, because I know you read widely & in   
    AH> these uncertain times you may want a break....: - Q   
      
   In this book there are many stories, for instance the one about annual    
   meeting of monsters, where Invisible Man (Griffin) tried to persuade    
   them to catch the world and choose him their leader. Another fun I    
   notice was the way the Americans use the word "shorts". Until now I was    
   sure that shorts are a kind of short trousers. But here I read:   
      
   -----Beginning of the citation-----   
   'OK,' Griffin continued. 'You all have allowed me to be   
   part of the monster team. Even though I am a human, you   
   let me act like a monster. I thank you for that.' The   
   Invisible Man paused to smile, although no one could   
   see. The monsters only saw his shorts moving back and   
   forth at the front of the room.   
   ----- The end of the citation -----   
      
   But it seems were underpants - an American comics heroes like to put    
   them atop, especially red ones. ;-)   
      
    AK>> I can't see the sense, although I think I know what he means. ;)   
      
    AH> I & others have noticed that as the population density grows within   
    AH> a certain area the number of rules & regulations grows along with   
    AH> it. I think it is reasonable to imagine that in a sparsely   
    AH> populated area, over a century ago, some folks liked to believe   
    AH> they could do as they wished &/or take the law into their own   
    AH> hands. While I'm not sure when or where this story takes place I   
    AH> can see how their modernized/citified counterparts might feel the   
    AH> same way.... :-)   
      
   Yes, the story was about the times you told.   
      
   Bye, Ardith!   
   Alexander Koryagin   
   fido.english_tutor,local.cc.ak 2022   
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