Just a sample of the Echomail archive
Cooperative anarchy at its finest, still active today. Darkrealms is the Zone 1 Hub.
|    ENGLISH_TUTOR    |    English Tutoring for Students of the Eng    |    4,347 messages    |
[   << oldest   |   < older   |   list   |   newer >   |   newest >>   ]
|    Message 2,274 of 4,347    |
|    Ardith Hinton to Alexander Koryagin    |
|    Pronunciation    |
|    12 Sep 18 23:59:41    |
      Hi, Alexander! Recently you wrote in a message to Dallas Hinton:              ak> BTW - there are a lot of dictionaries in the Internet       ak> with audio pronunciation. IMHO, it would be nice if       ak> some of the dictionaries could pronounce all the word       ak> forms.                      Whether or not they make audio available, very few dictionaries seem        to go into detail about such things. Fortunately or unfortunately...       depending on one's POV... I find this type of question intriguing. ;-)                             Apart from /w/, your example "wandered" brings up two issues:                      1) how to pronounce "r" as a medial or final consonant,               and               2) how to pronounce "-ed" as a suffix.                      I'd say #1 is highly subject to regional variation. As a Canadian I        enunciate an "r" wherever I see one in print, but to my ears at least the       sound is middle-of-the-road and the same applies WRT the northwestern US. I       once had a neighbour who (although he was quite convinced he'd lost his       Scottish accent) pronounced my name as if I spelled it "Air-r-rdith". OTOH       folks from Someplace Else may often appear to minimize an "r" or ignore it       completely. What puzzles me is how some ex-Brits I know... especially       Londoners... add /r/ to the end of words where I don't see one, in much the       same way USAians say "a couple people" as if they're saving the "of" to use in       expressions like "a myriad of" and "off of". There are native speakers of       English wherever the British Empire extended at one time, and folks from Hither        & Yon have preferences of their own.... :-)                      While #2 is less subject to regional variation it appears to me that        there are variations based on which consonant sounds native speakers can       handle without inserting a vowel when these sounds are lumped together at the       end of a word. Most people simply add a final /d/ in words like the following:               cleaned, combed, fixed, forked, guessed, longed, managed,        muttered, pitied, played, wandered, wondered, yearned.              All of the examples I've been able to come up with so far in which we routinely        treat "-ed" as an added syllable involve words ending in "t" or "d":               counted, courted, painted, mended, sounded, wounded.                      # # #                     In general we use "-ed" to indicate the past participle of a regular verb. The        dictionary will spell out irregularities such as "write", "wrote",       "written"... and that may be enough for the average reader. For the advanced       students here, I'll add a few notes about exceptions which are not so easy to       track down.               * aged, blessed, beloved, learned, wicked              When these words are used as adjectives "-ed" may (or may not) be treated as an        added syllable in all of them except "wicked". WRT "wicked" the omission       would alter the meaning... with the others it doesn't. FOWLER'S adds a       syllable & so do I. But I've noticed recently that while the younger reporters        on TV seem to have eagerly adopted the word "beloved" they don't make this       distinction. They are not alone. In poetry & song the "-ed" is often written       with a grave accent (\) over the "e" to indicate that the author wants us to       use an added syllable.               * blessed, leaned, learned, spelled              When these words are used as past participles, you may occasionally see or hear        "t" (esp. UK?) in place of the "-ed". Either way is correct in Canada....        :-)                                   --- timEd/386 1.10.y2k+        * Origin: Wits' End, Vancouver CANADA (1:153/716)    |
[   << oldest   |   < older   |   list   |   newer >   |   newest >>   ]
(c) 1994, bbs@darkrealms.ca