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|    ENGLISH_TUTOR    |    English Tutoring for Students of the Eng    |    4,347 messages    |
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|    Message 1,903 of 4,347    |
|    Ardith Hinton to alexander koryagin    |
|    Explain to me please...    |
|    23 Oct 15 23:52:26    |
      Hi, Alexander! Awhile ago you wrote in a message to Ardith Hinton:               AH> The nasal sound in "- ing" may be transcribed phonetically        AH> as an "n" with a tail, like a "g". The idea is that it's        AH> half way beween "-in" and the version where the "g" is        AH> fully enunciated.               ak> Have you seen some teaching guide or a picture in the        ak> Internet so I could see how to fold my tongue and where        ak> to put it to pronounce "ing" properly? ;)                      Alas, no. I'll practise on myself in the bathroom mirror.... :-)                             ak> "Glottal stop" tells me not very much.                      If your dictionaries are as helpful as mine WRT this subject, I am       not surprised. Okay... you'll need a mirror & one free hand.                      1) Plosive consonants               Hold your hand in front of your mouth while enunciating /p/ and /b/.       You will feel a little puff of air. If you associate the word "plosive" with       "explosive" or "explosion", give yourself a gold star. Now watch what you're       doing with your mouth. The tongue is in a relaxed position. The flow of air       has been interrupted & then released by the movement of your lips.                      2) Voiced & unvoiced consonants               So, what's the difference between these two sounds? If you put your       hand on your larynx (voice box, Adam's apple) you will feel no vibration with       /p/ although you do with /b/. When such vibrations are present, the sound is       said to be "voiced". In English we have both a voiced & an unvoiced "th". I       see also that between various dialects & various languages the differences in       pronunciation are often as simple as that. But what I want you to do for the       time being is to focus on that vibration... on what your hand is telling you.                      3) Glottal stop               You can interrupt the flow of air with your lips, as in /p/ and /b/.       You can also interrupt it by placing the tip of your tongue behind your upper       front teeth, as in /t/. But there's at least one other way. If you move the       middle part of your tongue to the roof of your mouth you can stop the flow of       air from the *cavity between your tongue & your larynx*... AKA the "glottis".               That is how we pronounce "hard consonants" such as /k/ and /g/. The       release of air is abrupt, as it is with /b/ and /p/. The puff of air is more       subtle with /g/, but you can feel it there too... and you can see your larynx       "jump" on release with both /k/ and /g/.               Now try saying /n/, which is voiced. The tip of your tongue will be       pressing against the roof of your mouth just behind your front teeth. If you       press the *middle* of your tongue against your hard palate as though you were       saying /g/, but you're voicing the sound as you would with /n/, you'll have a       fairly good idea of how /ng/ sounds in standard English or whatever Cambridge       University calls it these days. If you hear the /g/ quite clearly on release       (especially at the end of a word) you are hearing a "glottal stop" similar to       what our friend from Manchester used. If the /g/ seems to be entirely absent       where you'd expect to hear the suffix "-ing" you may be hearing a southern US       dialect... or you may be hearing a bit of sloppiness in everyday speech. ;-)                      *****                      My apologies for taking so long to finish this reply. I was waiting       for the Muses to offer a few examples, and yesterday they did.               1) Newspaper cartoons in which North American telephones say "Ri-i-n-n-ng!"       It's merely an approximation, of course... but you can sustain the /ng/ sound       indefinitely (i.e. until you need to inhale). You position your tongue as if       you'd intended to say /g/, and then hold it in place while trying to say /n/.       The vibration continues as long as there is some air escaping from your nose.               2) A few words of a popular song, from the latter part of the 20th century:       "Singin' like a sunset". The /ng/ in the middle is quite clear, but I reckon       the writer &/or the performer wants the pronunciation to sound "folksy". :-)                                   --- timEd/386 1.10.y2k+        * Origin: Wits' End, Vancouver CANADA (1:153/716)    |
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