40fidonet_51627b68@fidonet.org> <1187463820@alexkoii>   
   From: Ivan Shmakov    
      
   >>>>> "ak" == alexander koryagin  writes:   
   >>>>> Hi, Aleksej Serdjukov! How are you?   
      
   [...]   
      
    ak> Yes.  BTW, Esperanto discerns "language" and "tongue": 1. lango 2.   
    ak> lingvo IMHO, it is unnessary complication for the language which   
    ak> must be as simple as possible.   
      
    AS> "Simple" and "easy for a particular group person" are not the same   
    AS> thing.  Also, what is "simple"?  Is expressing everything by   
    AS> growling in the same way and pointing to the thing you mean simple?   
      
    ak> So why it is necessary to have two words when you make the   
    ak> language's vocabulary as small as possible?   
      
   	For clarity?  Which is, for me, a constituent of simplicity.   
      
   	OTOH, Esperanto attempts to ease the "lexical burden" by other   
   	means; such as, e. g., by using its "mal-" and "ne-" prefixes   
   	extensively.  Not only does it have the "ebla", "neebla"   
   	("possible", "impossible") pair, or "necesa", "nenecesa"   
   	("necessary", "unnecessary"), but also "malvarma" ("cold"),   
   	"maljuna" and "malnova" ("old"), "malamiko" ("enemy"), etc.   
      
   	Also, the language "rounds" many of the usual "corners" of the   
   	"national" languages, such as, e. g., irregular plurals   
   	(cf. "muso" and "musoj" vs. "mouse" and "mice") or (worse) verbs   
   	(cf. "estis", "estas" vs. "was" / "were", "am" / "is" / "are".)   
   	And, when it comes to the "part of speech" determination, it   
   	offers a very simple scheme to follow:   
      
       -a      adjectives;   
       -e      adverbs;   
       -o      nouns;   
       -i      verbs (infinitive);   
       -u      verbs (imperative);   
       -is, -as, -os, -us   
               verbs (past, present, future tenses; conditional.)   
      
   	(Some of these clash with those of personal pronouns and   
   	correlatives, which are not that hard to remember, though.)   
      
   	Consider, e. g.:   
      
       absoluta, absolute              absolute, absolutely;   
       brila, brili                    shiny, to shine;   
       direkte, direkti, direkto       directly, to direct, direction;   
       flora, floro                    floral, flower;   
       frate, frato                    brotherly, brother (cf. "fraternity");   
       hunda, hundo                    canine, dog (cf. "hound");   
       interesa, interese, intereso    interesting, interestingly, interest;   
       justa, justo                    just, justice;   
       komenca, komenci, komenco       initial, to commence, start;   
       krajoni, krajono                to pencil, pencil (cf. "crayon");   
       suna, suno                      solar, sun;   
       teatra, teatro                  theatrical, theatre;   
       tera, tero                      terrestrial, ground (cf. Latin "terra");   
       varma, varme                    warm, warmly;   
       zorge, zorgi, zorgo             carefully, to care, care.   
      
   	And here're some example sentences from "The Esperanto Teacher"   
   	(accented c^, s^, u^ replaced with ch, sh, u, respectively):   
      
       Patro kaj frato.  Leono estas besto.  Rozo estas floro kaj kolombo   
       estas birdo.  La rozo apartenas al Teodoro.  La suno brilas.  La   
       patro estas tajloro.  Kie estas la libro kaj la krajono?  Jen estas   
       pomo.  Sur la tero kushas shtono.  Sur la fenestro kushas krajono   
       kaj plumo.  La filo staras apud la patro.  Jen kushas la chapelo de   
       la patro.  La patro estas en la chambro.  Antau la domo staras arbo.   
      
   [...]   
      
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