MSGID: 1:317/3 64acdb3f   
   PID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   TID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
    Addressing justice in wildfire risk management    
      
     Date:   
         July 10, 2023   
     Source:   
         International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis   
     Summary:   
         The unequal distribution of wildfire risk in our society is   
         influenced by various factors, such as social vulnerabilities and   
         intersecting forms of inequality, including gender, age, ethnicity,   
         or disability. A new article calls for more integrated and inclusive   
         wildfire risk management approaches and proposes a novel framework   
         mapping different justice aspects.   
      
      
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   The frequency and severity of wildfires have become increasingly   
   alarming in recent years, substantially due to the effects of climate   
   change. Rising global temperatures, altered weather patterns, and   
   prolonged droughts are all consequences of climate change that contribute   
   to the heightened risk of wildfires.   
      
   The 2019-2020 Australian wildfires demonstrated that compound climatic   
   events - - long-lasting record high temperatures combined with record low   
   precipitation -- can lead to unprecedented large-scale impacts. These   
   fires affected 80% of the people living in Australia in some way. As   
   a result, there were disagreements about who should have access to   
   reconstruction funding, and who should move to safer areas. In fact, these   
   disagreements reflect different perceptions by different stakeholders   
   of what is just in terms of outcomes and processes.   
      
   While there is some literature focusing on justice aspects in relation to   
   management of other hazards, such as floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes,   
   existing literature on wildfire risk management has paid little attention   
   to individual justice issues so far. In a new article, published in   
   Nature Climate Change, IIASA researchers, together with colleagues from   
   the Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis (INT) and the   
   Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), argue that three   
   domains of justice need to be considered for the transition to integrated   
   and inclusive wildfire risk management approaches: distributional justice,   
   procedural justice, and restorative justice.   
      
   "The distributional justice aspect focuses on who should bear the costs   
   and benefits of wildfire risk management. Procedural justice looks   
   at policy selection and which stakeholders are heard when developing   
   wildfire risk management measures. Restorative justice addresses   
   restoration and compensation mechanisms, including insurance," explains   
   lead author Thomas Schinko, a senior IIASA researcher who also leads   
   the Equity and Justice Research Group in the IIASA Population and Just   
   Societies Program. "These three dimensions of justice are considered   
   key in the fields of environmental, climate, and disaster justice."   
   The framework's objective is to provide a comprehensive categorization of   
   the three dimensions of justice against the four phases of the wildfire   
   risk management cycle: 1. Prevention, 2. Preparedness, 3. Response,   
   and 4. Recovery and Adaptation.   
      
   "The framework shows that distributional, procedural, and restorative   
   justice challenges arise along all four wildfire risk management phases,   
   and across social, economic, cultural, and ecological dimensions that   
   impact the risk management process," notes Schinko.   
      
   "They are linked to trade-offs arising from actions and inactions   
   influencing hazards, exposures and vulnerabilities, and may lead to   
   conflicts among stakeholders," adds coauthor Claudia Berchtold, a senior   
   researcher at Fraunhofer INT.   
      
   Eduard Plana, a coauthor and Department Head at the Forest Science and   
   Technology Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), stresses that "operationalizing   
   integrated and just approaches to wildfire risk management is urgently   
   needed as societies deal with a fundamentally changing wildfire risk   
   context, while at the same time scaling up their climate change mitigation   
   ambitions."  Schinko and his colleagues argue that more inclusive and   
   integrative wildfire risk management strategies should also be connected   
   to the Just Transition discourse. In recent years, the concept has gained   
   traction with reference to meeting climate goals by ensuring that everyone   
   -- all communities, workers, and social groups -- are brought along in   
   the pivot to a net-zero future, leaving no one behind.   
      
   "This framework helps us to identify justice aspects across all four   
   wildfire risk management phases. It sets out the conceptual basis for   
   further in-depth analyses, such as focusing on how wildfires affect   
   indigenous communities.   
      
   Additionally, it provides a foundation for risk management and governance   
   practices to include important distributional, procedural, and restorative   
   justice considerations. This is particularly relevant when working towards   
   a Just Transition to more holistic wildfire risk management strategies   
   and approaches," concludes Schinko.   
      
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   Story Source: Materials provided by   
   International_Institute_for_Applied_Systems_Analysis.   
      
   Note: Content may be edited for style and length.   
      
      
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   Journal Reference:   
      1. T. Schinko, C. Berchtold, J. Handmer, T. Deubelli-Hwang,   
      E. Preinfalk, J.   
      
         Linnerooth-Bayer, A. Scolobig, M. Serra, E. Plana. A framework for   
         considering justice aspects in integrated wildfire risk management.   
      
         Nature Climate Change, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01726-0   
   ==========================================================================   
      
   Link to news story:   
   https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/07/230710133059.htm   
      
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