MSGID: 1:317/3 64a79532   
   PID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   TID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
    Public support hydrogen and biofuels to decarbonize global shipping   
      
      
     Date:   
         July 6, 2023   
     Source:   
         University of Southampton   
     Summary:   
         New research into public attitudes towards alternative shipping   
         fuels shows public backing for biofuel and hydrogen. The study   
         also found that nuclear was preferred to the heavy fuel oil (HFO)   
         currently used in the global shipping industry, although both were   
         perceived negatively.   
      
         Ammonia had the least public support.   
      
      
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   FULL STORY   
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   Public support hydrogen and biofuels to decarbonise global shipping   
       * Nuclear preferred to heavy fuel oil (HFO), but the UK public   
       think it's   
         too risky   
       * Liquid natural gas likely to be regarded as a positive transitional   
       step * Ammonia elicits strong negative responses from the UK public   
   New research into public attitudes towards alternative shipping fuels   
   shows public backing for biofuel and hydrogen.   
      
   The study involving the University of Southampton also found that nuclear   
   was preferred to the heavy fuel oil (HFO) currently used in the global   
   shipping industry, although both were perceived negatively. Ammonia had   
   the least public support.   
      
   Global shipping is responsible for 80 to 90 per cent of the world   
   trade and accounts for around 3 per cent of global greenhouse gas (GHG)   
   emissions. In 2021, 230 industry leaders pledged to achieve net-zero   
   GHG emissions by 2050.   
      
   The new study published in Environment, Development and Sustainability   
   is the first to test public attitudes to various fuels that could play   
   a crucial role in decarbonising the global shipping industry.   
      
   "Switching to fuels with the potential to reduce GHG emissions on the   
   scale needed to address the climate crisis has huge implications for   
   the shipping industry," says co-author of the paper Professor Damon   
   Teagle, Director of the Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute at   
   the University of Southampton.   
      
   "Due to the substantial investment and new infrastructure required,   
   industry stakeholders are wary of going down the wrong path. It's   
   crucial that policymakers and industry leaders consult with the public   
   and ensure their voices are heard when planning for this transition."   
   The researchers conducted in-depth interviews and a survey of nearly   
   a thousand people in the UK to explore public perceptions and support   
   alternative shipping fuels.   
      
   Biofuel and Hydrogen were regarded the most favourably. Biofuel was viewed   
   as low risk, while people felt hydrogen had low negative by-products.   
      
   Liquid natural gas (LNG) had middling support and didn't elicit a strong   
   public reaction, with the strongest association being around its current   
   availability.   
      
   Nuclear was viewed more positively than HFO but it was still perceived   
   negatively overall as people felt it was risky. As one interviewee put it,   
   "If there was an oil spill, it's terrible. But if there's a nuclear spill   
   it's a freaking disaster."  Although some techno-economic assessments have   
   proposed that ammonia is the most-balanced carbon-free fuel alternative   
   for shipping, the UK's public perception was strongly negative. Ammonia   
   was perceived as unproven and risky, and described as "dangerous" and   
   "toxic" in interviews.   
      
   Interestingly, people living in port cities were slightly more supportive   
   of using alternative shipping fuels overall.   
      
   "Our research shows there is public support for the research, development   
   and implementation of alternative shipping fuels over incumbent fossil   
   fuels, with biofuel and hydrogen preferred solutions," says lead   
   author Daniel Carlisle from Massey University in New Zealand. "LNG   
   also seems likely to be regarded as a positive transitional solution."   
   "Of course, public opinion is neither uniform nor static. But the   
   disparity between public attitudes toward ammonia and that of scientists   
   and industry leaders shows that public concerns need to be considered   
   alongside technological and economic evaluations."  Public response   
   to decarbonisation through alternative shipping fuels is published   
   inEnvironment, Development and Sustainability and is available online.   
      
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   Journal Reference:   
      1. Daniel P. Carlisle, Pamela M. Feetham, Malcolm J. Wright, Damon   
      A. H.   
      
         Teagle. Public response to decarbonisation through alternative   
         shipping fuels. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2023;   
         DOI: 10.1007/ s10668-023-03499-0   
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   Link to news story:   
   https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/07/230706124608.htm   
      
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