MSGID: 1:317/3 64951ff8   
   PID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   TID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
    Molecular filament shielded young solar system from supernova    
      
     Date:   
         June 22, 2023   
     Source:   
         National Institutes of Natural Sciences   
     Summary:   
         Isotope ratios found in meteorites suggest that a supernova exploded   
         nearby while the Sun and Solar System were still forming. But   
         the blast wave from a supernova that close could have potentially   
         destroyed the nascent Solar System. New calculations shows that a   
         filament of molecular gas, which is the birth cocoon of the Solar   
         System, aided the capture of the isotopes found in the meteorites,   
         while acting as a buffer protecting the young Solar System from   
         the nearby supernova blast.   
      
      
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   FULL STORY   
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   Isotope ratios found in meteorites suggest that a supernova exploded   
   nearby while the Sun and Solar System were still forming. But the blast   
   wave from a supernova that close could have potentially destroyed the   
   nascent Solar System.   
      
   New calculations shows that a filament of molecular gas, which is the   
   birth cocoon of the Solar System, aided the capture of the isotopes   
   found in the meteorites, while acting as a buffer protecting the young   
   Solar System from the nearby supernova blast.   
      
   Primitive meteorites preserve information about the conditions at   
   the birth of the Sun and planets. The meteorite components show an   
   inhomogeneous concentration of a radioactive isotope of aluminum. This   
   variation suggests that an additional amount of the radioactive aluminum   
   was introduced shortly after the Solar System started forming. A nearby   
   supernova explosion is the best candidate for this injection of new   
   radioactive isotopes. But a supernova that was close enough to deliver   
   the amount of isotopes seen in meteorites would have also created a   
   blast wave strong enough to rip the nascent Solar System apart.   
      
   A team led by Doris Arzoumanian at the National Astronomical Observatory   
   of Japan proposed a new explanation of how the Solar System acquired the   
   amount of isotopes measured in meteorites while surviving the supernova   
   shock. Stars form in large groups called clusters inside giant clouds   
   of molecular gas. These molecular clouds are filamentary. Small stars   
   like the Sun usually form along the filaments and large stars, which   
   will explode in a supernova, usually form at the hubs where multiple   
   filaments cross.   
      
   Assuming that the Sun formed along a dense molecular gas filament, and   
   a supernova exploded at a nearby filament hub, the team's calculation   
   showed that it would take at least 300,000 years for the blast wave   
   to break up the dense filament around the forming Solar System. The   
   components of meteorites enriched in radioactive isotopes formed in   
   approximately the first 100,000 years of Solar System formation inside   
   the dense filament. The parent filament may have acted as a buffer to   
   protect the young Sun and helped catch the radioactive isotopes from the   
   supernova blast wave and channel them into the still forming Solar System.   
      
       * RELATED_TOPICS   
             o Space_&_Time   
                   # Sun # Solar_System # Solar_Flare # Astronomy # Galaxies   
                   # Nebulae # Stars # Northern_Lights   
       * RELATED_TERMS   
             o Comet o Jupiter o History_of_Earth o Sun o Planet o Supernova   
             o Saturn o Eris_(dwarf_planet)   
      
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   Story Source: Materials provided by   
   National_Institutes_of_Natural_Sciences. Note: Content may be edited   
   for style and length.   
      
      
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   Journal Reference:   
      1. Doris Arzoumanian, Sota Arakawa, Masato I. N. Kobayashi, Kazunari   
         Iwasaki, Kohei Fukuda, Shoji Mori, Yutaka Hirai, Masanobu Kunitomo,   
         M. S.   
      
         Nanda Kumar, Eiichiro Kokubo. Insights on the Sun Birth   
         Environment in the Context of Star Cluster Formation in Hub-Filament   
         Systems. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2023; 947 (2): L29 DOI:   
         10.3847/2041-8213/ acc849   
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   Link to news story:   
   https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/06/230622120910.htm   
      
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