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   EARTH      Uhh, that 3rd rock from the sun?      8,931 messages   

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   Message 8,473 of 8,931   
   ScienceDaily to All   
   Not your average space explosion: Very l   
   07 Jun 23 22:30:32   
   
   MSGID: 1:317/3 6481596a   
   PID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   TID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
    Not your average space explosion: Very long baseline array finds   
   classical novae are anything but simple    
      
     Date:   
         June 7, 2023   
     Source:   
         National Radio Astronomy Observatory   
     Summary:   
         While studying classical novae using the National Radio Astronomy   
         Observatory's Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), a graduate researcher   
         uncovered evidence the objects may have been erroneously typecast   
         as simple. The new observations detected non-thermal emission from   
         a classical nova with a dwarf companion.   
      
      
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   ==========================================================================   
   FULL STORY   
   ==========================================================================   
   While studying classical novae using the National Radio Astronomy   
   Observatory's Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), a graduate researcher   
   uncovered evidence the objects may have been erroneously typecast as   
   simple. The new observations, which detected non-thermal emission from a   
   classical nova with a dwarf companion, were presented today at a press   
   conference during the 242nd proceedings of the American Astronomical   
   Society in Albuquerque, New Mexico.   
      
   V1674 Herculis is a classical nova hosted by a white dwarf and dwarf   
   companion and is currently the fastest classical nova on record. While   
   studying V1674Her with the VLBA, Montana Williams, a graduate student at   
   New Mexico Tech who is leading the investigation into the VLBA properties   
   of this nova, confirmed the unexpected: non-thermal emission coming from   
   it. This data is important because it tells Williams and her collaborators   
   a lot about what's happening in the system. What the team has found is   
   anything but the simple heat-induced explosions scientists previously   
   expected from classical novae.   
      
   "Classical novae have historically been considered simple explosions,   
   emitting mostly thermal energy," said Williams. "However, based on recent   
   observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope, this simple model is   
   not entirely correct.   
      
   Instead, it seems they're a bit more complicated. Using the VLBA, we were   
   able to get a very detailed picture of one of the main complications,   
   the non- thermal emission."  Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI)   
   detections of classical novae with dwarf companions like V1674Her are   
   rare. They're so rare, in fact, that this same type of detection, with   
   resolved radio synchrotron components, has been reported just one other   
   time to date. That's partly because of the assumed nature of classical   
   novae.   
      
   "VLBI detections of novae are only recently becoming possible because   
   of improvements to VLBI techniques, most notably the sensitivity of the   
   instruments and the increasing bandwidth or the amount of frequencies   
   we can record at a given time," said Williams. "Additionally, because   
   of the previous theory of classical novae they weren't thought to be   
   ideal targets for VLBI studies. We now know this isn't true because of   
   multi-wavelength observations which indicate a more complex scenario."   
   That rarity makes the team's new observations an important step in   
   understanding the hidden lives of classical novae and what ultimately   
   leads to their explosive behavior.   
      
   "By studying images from the VLBA and comparing them to other observations   
   from the Very Large Array (VLA), Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, and NASA-Swift,   
   we can determine what might be the cause of the emission and also make   
   adjustments to the previous simple model," said Williams. "Right now,   
   we're trying to determine if the non-thermal energy is coming from clumps   
   of gas running into other clumped gas which produces shocks, or something   
   else."  Because Fermi-LAT and Nu-Star observations had already indicated   
   that there might be non-thermal emission coming from V1674Her, that made   
   the classical nova an ideal candidate for study because Williams and her   
   collaborators are on a mission to either confirm or deny those types of   
   findings. It was also more interesting, or cute, as Williams puts it,   
   because of its hyper-fast evolution, and because, unlike supernovae,   
   the host system isn't destroyed during that evolution, but rather,   
   remains almost completely intact and unchanged after the explosion. "Many   
   astronomical sources don't change much over the course of a year or   
   even 100 years. But this nova got 10,000 times brighter in a single day,   
   then faded back to its normal state in just about 100 days," she said.   
      
   "Because the host systems of classical novae remain intact they can be   
   recurrent, which means we might see this one erupt, or cutely explode,   
   again and again, giving us more opportunities to understand why and   
   how it does."  The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a   
   major facility of the National Science Foundation (NSF) operated under   
   cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.   
      
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             o Supernova   
      
   ==========================================================================   
   Story Source: Materials provided by   
   National_Radio_Astronomy_Observatory. Note: Content may be edited for   
   style and length.   
      
      
   ==========================================================================   
      
      
   Link to news story:   
   https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/06/230607004121.htm   
      
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