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   PID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   TID: hpt/lnx 1.9.0-cur 2019-01-08   
   August 24, 2022 - Flooding in Pakistan   
      
      Flooding in Pakistan   
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      Extremely heavy monsoonal storms have drenched Pakistan in 2022,   
      bringing flash and urban flooding, landslides, and Glacial Lake   
      Outburst flooding—creating a disaster that is affecting more than 3   
      million people. According to a report published August 13 by the United   
      Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA),   
      Pakistan received more than 60 percent of its total normal monsoon   
      rainfall in just three weeks since the start of the monsoon season in   
      July. Compared to pre-monsoon levels, rainfall has increased by 267   
      percent in Balochistan and 183 percent in Sindh.   
      
      On August 23, Pakistan’s National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)   
      reported that 830 people had been killed from the disastrous rains from   
      June 14, 2022, to date, with an additional 1,348 injured. They also   
      reported that 93,775 houses had been damaged in just the last 24 hours,   
      with a total of 413,226 damaged since June 14. The cumulative length of   
      roads damaged are currently 2,886.9 kilometers and more than 707,000   
      head of livestock have been killed. Three major reservoirs are at or   
      near capacity: Tarbela is completely full, Mangla is just 64.15 feet of   
      storage capacity remaining, and Chasma has only 7 feet remaining.   
      
      Unfortunately, little relief from rain is in sight. The forecast in the   
      NDMA report on August 23 reads, “Widespread thunderstorm/rain of heavy   
      to very heavy intensity at scattered places and extremely heavy falls   
      at isolated places is expected over lower and central Sindh. Scattered   
      to widespread thunderstorm/rain of moderate to HEAVY INTENSITY with   
      isolated very heavy falls is expected over Eastern Balochistan and DG   
      Khan, Multan, DI Khan, Bannu, Kohat, Peshawar & Sargodha Divisions   
      along with Upper catchments of Rivers Kabul and Indus. Scattered   
      thunderstorm/rain of moderate intensity is expected over the upper   
      catchments of Rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi & Sutlej along with Islamabad   
      and Rawalpindi & Gujranwala Divisions. Isolated thunderstorm/ rain is   
      expected over rest of the country except Western Balochistan.”   
      
      On August 23, 2022, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer   
      (MODIS) on board NASA’s Aqua satellite acquired a false-color image   
      showing extreme flooding of the Indus River in the Sindh province of   
      Pakistan. This type of image uses infrared and visible light (MODIS   
      bands 7,2,1) to help distinguish water from land. Water appears various   
      shades of blue, depending on depth and any sediment in the water, with   
      the deepest water looking the darkest. Vegetation looks bright green   
      and open or sparsely vegetated land looks tan. Cloud ranges from white   
      to electric blue. This image clearly shows the Indus River overflowing   
      its banks and inundating the broad flood plain. Lake Hamal bounds the   
      western edge of the inundation.   
      
      While this single image tells a striking tale of intense flooding, the   
      situation becomes even more clear by comparing two MODIS images   
      captured of the same region on different days. Thanks to the NASA   
      Worldview App, this is very simple to visualize. To compare an image of   
      the region acquired by Aqua’s MODIS on August 5 with the one acquired   
      on August 23, simply click  here. The imagery becomes even more   
      sobering when one realizes that on August 5 the region was already   
      experiencing a significant flooding event after more than seven weeks   
      of severe monsoon rains.   
      
      Image Facts   
      Satellite:  Aqua   
      Date Acquired: 8/23/2022   
      Resolutions:  1km (331 KB),  500m (826.5 KB),  250m (496.5 KB)   
      Bands Used: 7.2.1   
      Image Credit: MODIS Land Rapid Response Team, NASA GSFC   
      
      
      
   https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/individual.php?db_date=2022-08-24   
       
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