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   The accident of the Boeing 737 MAX of Lion Air in October 2018 was caused by a   
   combination of a technical defect and design errors. This is apparent from a   
   briefing given by Indonesian investigators to the families of the victims, in   
   anticipation of the presentation of the final report.   
       
   As previously reported, unreliable data from an angle-of-attack sensor   
   triggered the new and unknown Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System   
   (MCAS).   
       
   The sensor that was linked to the MCAS was recently repaired but not properly   
   calibrated. The fact that the MCAS was linked to only one angle-of-attack   
   sensor made the system vulnerable in the event of technical failure, as was   
   the case uring the ill-fated Lion Air flight.   
       
   The researchers also found that the design and certification of the 737 MAX   
   did not properly assume how the MCAS functions and how pilots would react when   
   the system was activated. A lack of training for 737 MAX pilots made it extra   
   difficult to solve the problems.   
       
   Due to the malfunctioning angle-of-attack sensor, the MCAS mistakenly thought   
   that the aircraft ascended too steeply and ended up in a stall. This was   
   "corrected" by pushing down the nose of the aircraft. Repeated attempts by the   
   pilots to push the nose up again ultimately yielded nothing, causing the   
   aircraft to crash into the Java Sea. All 189 passengers were killed.   
       
   According to Reuters, slides that researchers showed to relatives also showed   
   that there was not enough documentation available about how systems would   
   behave in a scenario such as occurred on flight JT610. The pilots were also   
   distracted by "shortcomings" in manual operation of the aircraft and   
   communication.   
       
   In March this year, a Boeing 737 MAX 8 from Ethiopian Airlines crashed under   
   similar circumstances as flight JT610. Shortly thereafter, a worldwide flight   
   ban was introduced for the 737 MAX. Boeing has developed a series of design   
   adjustments that are still awaiting certification. It is not yet known when   
   the 737 MAX fleet will be able to fly again.   
       
   Due to the problems with the 737 MAX, aircraft manufacturer Boeing is under a   
   magnifying glass. The company has set aside billions of dollars for damages to   
   relatives and customers. It has also been found that the American aviation   
   authority FAA mismanaged the certification of the 737 MAX.   
      
   --- D'Bridge 3.99   
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