	Welcome to FTP.FUNET.FI aka FINFILES.BITNET
		Internally also:  NIC.FUNET.FI

    This is a Sun4/330 with (9-Jun-91) 4.2GB archive disk space (3.3GB used).
This is owned by the  Finnish Academic and Research Network Project FUNET,
and is located at the Finnish State Computing Centre, near Helsinki, Finland.


	NOTE:	If you have troubles with multiple intermediate reply
		lines from FTP server, try prefixing your entry for
		`Password:' prompt with `-'.  If your REAL password
		in THIS system starts with `-', enter TWO `-' characters.


	CONTENTS:

    - Intro
    - What is considered proper conduct of anonymous FTP usage
    - Non-standard FTP features
	( Dumping subdirectories, compressing files, uncompressing files..
	  when transfer in action! )
    - Physical disk structure is hidden behind logical one
    - Restrictions
    - IP-reversal and valid "passwd" requirements
    - Contacts about material in here
	( GIFs and others )
    - Uploading
    - FTPD sources
    - What is `Freely distributable' ?
    - Other services available from here


	INTRO:

    This system has plenty of freely distributable material on its FTPable
areas. We also have plans for a couple of info-server -like systems for
maildelivery of remote files (few which are monitored here).  BUT NOT YET!
(Details will be explained later when those systems are operational)

    If you have any questions regarding materials in this archive, read
first `Contacts about material in here' below.  If you can't locate correct
person/mail alias with it, try `maints@nic.funet.fi'  for every moderator,
or as a final resort only  `postmaster@nic.funet.fi'


	WHAT IS CONSIDERED A PROPER CONDUCT OF ANONYMOUS FTP USAGE:

    Like many systems world wide, ours offers  anonymous  logins for
FTP users.   For those who have this priviledge of using ftp, here are
some do's and don'ts:

	- When you are working over long distance links, do limit yourself
	  to off hours.  When working between the USA and Finland, try it
	  after 4 PM OUR time ( 10 AM Eastern USA time.)  And remember that
	  we wake up 10 hours before California.
	  We are at time zone  `GMT +2h'.

	- 90+% of material in this archive are originated from various
	  locations all over USA.  Sometimes those locations are well
	  known.  Often not.  We try to indicate origins if we know them.
	  DO try to use server nearest (network wise) to yourself, USA
	  folks: please restrain  yourself to USA.
	  Quite many central european sites have connections to RIPE/NORDUnet
	  only via USA,  thus USA located servers are nearest for them too.

	- When you log in anonymous, you are prompted with:
	    331 Guest login ok, send ident (your email address) as password.
	  It really means what is says: Give your email address as password.
	  We might spot problems on files and send warnings to those who
	  have requested that(/those) file(s).

	  If your FTP program uses  getpass(3) routine blindly (most
	  BSD networking source derived FTP programs), you can't enter
	  more than 8 characters for password.  Ever.
	  Try to install FTP program from pub/localsrc/reno+mea-ftp.tar.Z.
	  You can then feed in a lot longer `passwords'.
	  (It has replacement for getpass() which inputs 130 chars.)

	- When you upload something, make sure it is freely distributable.
	  For example some GIF images we have gotten are very obviously
	  scanned from magazines, which have publication copyrights on them.
	  This makes it illegal to copy those pictures `without the prior
	  written consent of the publisher.'

	- See below more about what is `Freely Distributable'.
	  After all, it is not always the same as Public Domain!


	- REMEMBER: USING ANONYMOUS FTP IS A PRIVILEDGE.  DON'T ABUSE IT!




	NON-STANDARD FTP FEATURES:


	This FTPSERVER has some special features which may help on grabbing
        files from here:

	<filename>.Z	Compress designated file while
			fetching from this system.
	<dirname>.tar	Make a TAR (using GNU tar-1.07) of dir.
	<filename>.tar	Make a TAR (- " -) of file.
	<dirname>.tar.Z Make a compressed tar of dir.
	<filename>.tar.Z Make a compressed tar of file.
                        (Why to tar a single file? To get its date & time
                        information too...)
	<filename>+".Z"	How to say...  There exists file:  <filename>.Z,
			you ask it to be UNCOMPRESSED for FTP transfer...
			(For all of you who can't uncompress a'la BSD UNIX.)

	Note:	It isn't very useful to compress .arc, .zoo, .gif or
		.Z files.  Usually they just expand when compressed :-(
		(Why?  They all use similar compression schemes.)

	Note2:  This ftp server won't perform .tar or .tar.Z transfer
                (mentioned above) for top level directories.
		This is to avoid accidental loading of whole archives over
		the network to your disk.   Several gigabytes of .tar isn't
		very easy to handle.
                So .tar and/or .tar.Z will only work in some subdirectories.
                Of course, this restriction doesn't apply for regular files.

	Note3:	Unless you REALLY can't uncompress files, please only then do
		retrieve files in their uncompressed form! (Leaving out the
		".Z" from true file path.)
		There are workable 16-bit UNcompress programs available for
		all machines which have at least 640k memory!


	Special command   `FIND regexpr'  (your average UNIX ftp client
accepts it like this:  `quote find gcc960')  to run regexpr matching against
files in archive.  Scans special file with UNIX regex(3) library routines,
which roughly implement `ed' (UNIX line mode editor) style regexprs.

	If you have special FTP client, which sends PORT command before
sending FIND command, you can get search result into a file.
Exact features of this command will change, quite propably it will be
a frontend to ARCHIE some day.


	PHYSICAL DISK STRUCTURE IS HIDDEN BEHIND LOGICAL ONE:

	This server hides physical disks and symlinks used to point to them
from anonymous user, but only partially:
	ftp> cd /pub
	250 CWD command successful.
	ftp> pwd
	257 "/disk1/pub" is current directory.
        ftp> cd ..
        250 CWD command successful.
        ftp> pwd
        257 "/disk1" is current directory.
	ftp> cd /pub/msdos
        250 CWD command successful.
        ftp> pwd
	257 "/disk2/msdos" is current directory.

You can, of course, use the physical names, but please restrain yourself to
logical presentation.  We often change PHYSICAL things around.
Thus coming back up with `cd ..'  might get you into strange directories...
We don't see any REAL need to hide physical structure completely, nor to
make even `ls' programs view of it bullet proof, but tell us your opinion.
( -> mea@nic.funet.fi )

If you want to move back to  /pub, use   "cd /pub", not "cd .." to get expected
result.  Otherwise you may wind up somewhere wierd...

    The way this is implemented is described in  /staff-docs/ftpd-ls.README.


	RESTRICTIONS:


	This FTPSERVER counts the number of anonymous customers
simultaneously on the system, and currently limits it to 32 simultaneous
FOREIGN anonymous users (so it doesn't show how many finns there are, also
the restriction of 32 simultaneous users doesn't apply for the finns).

        Note that we are located far away from the USA. Our connection to the
USA is only a 192 kbits/sec terrestial link (which is used by all the scandi-
navian countries).   Our main purpose is to be central repository for finnish
users.  Lately traffic on that link has been TWICE as great TO the USA as it
has been to Finland, think about that...


	IP-REVERSAL AND VALID "PASSWD" REQUIREMENTS:

	Any system without a valif IP reversal mapping will get a view of
directories which is even more restricted than the usual anonymous user.
The same is true when the email address you have entered as password does
not conform with RFC822 rules.

	If your IP address does not have IN-ADDR.ARPA. -reversing mapping
defined, this is a task for your network administrator.  Your NetAdmin must
register reversing database into  IN-ADDR.ARPA. -domain, and make sure all of
your local hosts have IP reversals defined!

	What we expect of IP reversals is valid top 2 domains:
		130.232.7.250  -->  non-registered-pc.utu.fi
We are NOT interested in truly valid reversals, unless you want to
upload something!

This reversal is achieved with IP reversal entry in named.reverse:
	---------
	$ ORIGIN 232.130.in-addr.arpa.
	; all KNOWN 130.232.7.XX hosts here before "fallback"
	*.7	IN	PTR	non-registered-pc.utu.fi.
	---------
Simple and effective!  Talk with your network management, they should
know what this is all about.  (If they don't, they can as us.)


	Passwords for anonymous FTP are expected to be email addresses.  They
are expected to contain `@'-character in them, and be according to RFC822:
		Luser.Name@Host.Domain
		Luser%OtherHost@RelayHost.Domain
This address need NOT be on host you are using for FTP, but it must be valid
address to you in your preferred system.

	Valid email addresses are especially important if you want to upload
something.  On uploads email address validity is enforced by area moderators,
who may not want to make uploaded material public, if it isn't traceable.

NOTE:	If your IP-reversal fails, but you do have a host with globally
	accessible name->IP-address entry, and that host is in the same
	network as is the host you are using, then you can get past the
	restriction by using username@host-in-the-same.net  as your password.
	Special case:	Use the name of your host itself, if it has a valid
			address entry.


	CONTACTS ABOUT MATERIAL IN HERE:


	For GIF archive ( /pub/misc/gif ) you can send questions to
GIF-ADM@NIC.FUNET.FI .  NIC just provides the disk space, people behind
`gif-adm' take care of the material.

	For other interest areas:  There is a file  /etc/aliases  which
contains some comment informations from actual system mail alias database.
See if you can find proper contact  person/mail alias  from there.
There are aliases for at least following:

(This listing is out of sync with the reality at present..)

    AREAS:

	386ix-adm	386 UNIX software
	amiga-adm	CBM Amiga programs
	astro-adm	Some (amateur) astronomy related material
	atari-adm	Atari archive
	cae-sw-adm	Some public CAE software/databases
	calculators-adm	HP28*, HP48*, and similar ones
	csc-adm		Material from the Centre for Scientific Computing (CSC)
	culture-adm	/pub/culture -area
	dx-adm		/pub/dx -area
	gif-adm		GIF pictures archive maintainers
	gnu-adm		GNU material
	ham-adm		Radio-Amateur operations related software and data
	mac-adm		Macintosh software
	mach-adm	/pub/mach - Mach mikrokernel
	minix-adm	comp.os.minix archives et.al.
	misc-adm	/pub/misc -area general
	molbio-adm	Molecular Biology archive
	msdos-adm	MS-DOS/PC-DOS and alikes
	music-adm	/pub/??/music -area
	netinfo-adm	/pub/netinfo -area
	next-adm	/pub/NeXT -area
	os2-adm		OS/2 interests
	papers-adm
	sci-adm		Serious Science  materials, databases, programs
	sounds-adm	/pub/??/sounds -area
	tex-adm		/pub/TeX -area
	unix-adm	General UNIX
	vms-adm		Some VMS software
	xwindow-adm	X-Window (/pub/X11) maintance group

    SPECIALS:
	maints		All archive maintainers
	ftp-bugs	FTP server bug reporting address (not about areas!)
	mea,ojala	Document errors in places which are not listed above

	If you don't find suitable alias to approach, try:  maints@nic.funet.fi
Contacting only  mea@nic.funet.fi may or may not give results in reasonable
time (and for sure just adds his mail load).

	We also have a mail server for - among other things - to manipulate
internal mailing lists.  You may wish to join to  NEWMSDOS list for example:

		Mail mailserver@nic.funet.fi
		Subject: Requesting lists and help

		subscribe newmsdos Joe User
		list
		help

These will  1) add you to list NEWMSDOS with real name 'Joe User', 2) give
a list of locally known mailing lists, 3) print basic help with pointers
for more.  On overall, this behaves much in style of BITNET LISTSERVs, but
as it isn't LISTSERV, it isn't called one either.


	UPLOADING:

	See file  /README.UPLOADER  for detailed procedure and explanations.
For short:  there are directories that are world writable, but do not let
uploaded files to be visible before maintainers check and approve them.

	What we expect uploader to do when uploading anything is stated in
/README.UPLOADER.  Read it!



	FTPD SOURCES:

	If you want the sources for this FTP server (derived from the
Berkeley freely distributable sources) look into /pub/localsrc for ls
and ftpd programs (GNU-tar and BSD-compress are unmodified).


	WHAT IS `FREELY DISTRIBUTABLE' ?

	Freely distributable does not mean the same thing as PD
(public domain).  A big portion of the software available here is not
in the public domain, although it is freely distributable.  Many are
copyrighted by some person or organization, but can be distributed
freely; there may be limitations on the manner of distribution and/or
the usage of the programs.  There may also be certain rules concerning
the distribution of modified versions (derivate work) of the programs,
like saying that if you redistribute a modified version you must
include in the distribution the date and author of the modification.
Also on many programs you must include a note crediting the original
author of the program if you use his code in your own programs.

	An example of this is the Free Software Foundation's GNU
software.  GNU software may be distributed freely, provided that the
sources are included, an offer to distribute the sources is included
or that a pointer to where the sources can be gotten from is included.
On  NIC.FUNET.FI,  all the GNU source code published is available from
the directory  pub/gnu.   Some GNU binaries are available from other
directories as well; although we have tried to include a pointer to
the sources and the copyright information in these other directories,
too, it might be that we have neglected some.  This note is here to
point you to the sources in  pub/gnu.   For further information, the
GNU copyright is in the file  pub/gnu/COPYING.


    Bugs/problems relating to archived material:
	Select by list under: `Contacts about material in here'

    Uploads:
	Select by list under: `Contacts about material in here'.
	If no suitable can be found, see also mail alias addresses
	in /etc/aliases, and check also /README.UPLOADER.
	In outmost despair (ONLY then! maints@nic.funet.fi)

    Bugs/problems relating to archie:
	Petri Ojala	<ojala@nic.funet.fi>

    Bugs/problems relating to system software:
	Matti Aarnio	<mea@nic.funet.fi>
	(And if possible, preselect a mail alias from /etc/aliases
	 according to your problem.)


	OTHER AVAILABLE SERVICES

You can make interactive login to  nic.funet.fi  with userid  `archie'.
This is (June-91) first and so far only European archie.  Original one
resides in  Quiche.cs.McGILL.CA.
(Oct-91:) List of current Archies sites:
	Quiche.cs.McGill.CA	USA, Canada
	Archie.Funet.Fi		Europe
	Archie.au		Australia, New Zeland, Oceania
	src.doc.ic.ac.uk	UK, Europe
Up to date listing is held at McGill.

Archie also has an interface to respond to mail requests.   Send mail to
archie@nic.funet.fi,  in mail body, have line: `help'.

This system has also another mail responding server:   mailserver@nic.funet.fi
(And also  mailserver@lists.funet.fi, if you access mailinglists.)
In mail body have line: `help'.
(Subject line is ignored as a command, but is send back to you.)
