n.exu.ericsson.se!netnews
Subject: comp.emulators.misc Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) [3/3]
Supersedes: <3-of.7tfb4@b04a24.exu.com>
Date: 11 Apr 1996 00:00:21 -0500
References: <1-pp.nEoh4@b04a24.exu.com> <2-pp.nEoh4@b04a24.exu.com>
Summary: This posting contains a list of currently available emulators
         for as many platforms as possible. It also contains several
         pointers to information for programmers who wish to develop
         emulators.

URL: http://www.why.net/home/adam/cem/
Posting-Frequency: semi-monthly (11th and 25th of each month)
Last-modified: Wed, 10 Apr 1996 19:55:24 GMT

  4.19 TRS-80 Models I-IV

      A TRS-80 Model I ROM image is available at: 
        ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/trs80/rom/level2rom.hex
        ftp://think.com/users/gingold/xtrs/rom/level2rom.hex

      Supposedly, work is being done on a Model I emulator for PCs by 
      Ted Johnsen; you can send him e-mail at vrp@delphi.com. 

      A large amount of TRS-80 software is available (11pm-6am GMT -8 
      [PST]) at: 
        ftp://ftp.kjsl.com/tandy/

      A TRS-80 page is available: 
        http://limpia.kjsl.com/trs80/

      A TRS-80 Basic reference is available at: 
        http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~jlg8k/basic.html

    4.19.1 Xtrs [Unix & X]

        TRS-80 Model I emulator for Unix/X. Allows variable amounts of 
        memory to be visible. 

        Program: 
          ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/trs80/xtrs-1.0.tar.gz
          ftp://think.com/users/gingold/xtrs/xtrs-1.0.tar.Z

    4.19.2 model1-d.zip [MS-DOS]

        TRS-80 Model I emulator & support programs for MS-DOS machines 

        Program: 
          ftp://musie.phlab.missouri.edu/pub/trs/trs-80/model1-d.zip

5 - Game Consoles

    This section contains entries for game consoles; some information 
    on console programming is available from: 
      http://www.aloha.net/~cdoty/console.htm

    Other console programming information is available at: 
      ftp://x2ftp.oulu.fi/pub/console/

  5.1 Atari 2600

      Instructions on how to dump ROM images to disk are available: 
        http://www2.ecst.csuchico.edu/~gchance/2600Stuff/2600Archiver

      PostScript schematic to accompany the above document: 
        http://www2.ecst.csuchico.edu/~gchance/images/atari.zip

    5.1.1 Activision Game Pack [MS-Windows, Mac OS]

        Activision has released a commerical "game pack" of old Atari 
        2600 games that runs under MS-Windows and Mac OS. I believe 
        the games are images of the original 4k ROM cartridges, being 
        run on an emulator. So far, no advice has been given regarding 
        how one might go about loading other games into it. 

        Activision can be reached at +1 310/479-5644 or 
        1-800-477-3650. 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.activision.com/atari/home.html

    5.1.2 Atari 2600 Emulation Project [MS-DOS, Unix & X]

        This is an Atari 2600 emulator which runs under MS-DOS; 
        eventual plans include a port to Unix under X. This emulator 
        is still in its early stages of development. Written by Adam 
        Roach <adam@why.net> 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.why.net/home/adam/2600/

    5.1.3 x2600 [Unix & X]

        A v1.0 Beta of x2600 is now available. It is known to compile 
        under Linux and SunOS 4.3. It requires fwf and the Athena 
        widget set to compile. 

        Written by Alex Hornby <W.A.Hornby@dcs.warwick.ac.uk>. 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/~wilhor/x2600.html

        Source: 
          ftp://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/~wilhor/files/x2600src-1.0b1.tgz

        Linux ELF binary: 
          ftp://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/~wilhor/files/x2600bin-1.0b1.tgz

  5.2 ColecoVision

      Reportedly, sample images can be found on: 
        ftp://altair.komkon.com/pub/Coleco

    5.2.1 ColEm [Unix & X, MacOS, PowerMac]

        ColEm is a portable emulator of the old ColecoVision videogame 
        system written in C. ColEm has been tested under FreeBSD, 
        HP-UX, SunOS, Solaris, and Linux. Written by 
        fms@seine.cs.umd.edu (Marat Fayzullin). Macintosh Ports by 
        John Stiles <jstiles@cello.gina.calstate.edu> and Alan 
        Steremberg <alans@cs.stanford.edu>. 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.freeflight.com/fms/ColEm/

  5.3 GameBoy

      Instructions on how to dump GameBoy cartridges are available: 
        http://www.freeflight.com/fms/GameBoy/GBCopier.gif

      Other technical information on the Gameboy, along with some 
      public domain game images, are available from Jeff Frohwein's 
      home page; this page contains pointers to TONS of gameboy 
      related information, including a C compiler for cross-developing 
      gameboy games: 
        http://hiwaay.net/~jfrohwei/gameboy/

    5.3.1 gameboy.zip [Acorn]

        Gameboy emulator for the Acorn RISC machines. Runs at full 
        speed on an Acorn RISC 700. 

        Program: 
          ftp://ftp.doc.ic.ac.uk/public/info/.arch/EXTRA3/archimedes/
              collections/uni-stuttgart/riscos/emulator/gameboy.zip

    5.3.2 GBSIM [MS-DOS]

        Gameboy Simulator/debugger for 80386 machines and higher. This 
        is more for technichally curious people, since it starts in a 
        deubgger, and has features for disassembling and tracing 
        gameboy programs. 

        Program: 
          http://hiwaay.net/~jfrohwei/gameboy/gbsim.zip

    5.3.3 ToyBoy [Amiga]

        Note that this IS NOT a GameBoy emulator! 

        This program is a prototype that was designed with no access 
        to the specs of the actual gameboy. It will not run gameboy 
        cartridges, even if you get a good ROM dump. 

        This prototype was developed by Argonaut, a UK development 
        company, to determine how difficult programming for the 
        GameBoy would be, once it came out. However, it is based on 
        limited information about the GameBoy, so it has little in 
        common with the real item. 

        Program: 
          ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/pub/aminet/misc/emu/Gameboy68000.lha

    5.3.4 Virtual GameBoy [Unix & X, Windows, Amiga]

        This emulator will run GameBoy cartridge images. The Unix 
        version is freeware and comes with source code. The Windows 
        version is Shareware; a demo can be downloaded from the 
        homepage, but a US$35 registration fee is required for a fully 
        registered version. It requires a 32 bit library and WinG. The 
        Amiga version is available with source code. It is playable on 
        an A4000 with a fast video card. The Unix version has been 
        tested on SunOS, Solaris, and OSF/1. 

        This version is still an early release, and it is not 100% 
        compatible yet. It has been tested with about 80 games, and 
        about 85% of those worked. Anyone who wants to help on this 
        project is welcome. Written by fms@seine.cs.umd.edu (Marat 
        Fayzullin). 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.freeflight.com/fms/VGB/

  5.4 NES/Famicom

    5.4.1 iNES [Unix & X, MS-DOS]

        This emulator isn't available for release yet; however, some 
        preliminary screenshots are available. Written by 
        fms@seine.cs.umd.edu (Marat Fayzullin). Yes, he's at it again. 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.freeflight.com/fms/iNES/

  5.5 SNES

      Some SNES programs are available from: 
        http://www.futureone.com/~damaged/Consoles/SNES/index.html#demo

    5.5.1 ??? [Windows 95]

        This appears to be the real thing. Although many SNES 
        functions are not supported, this emulator is suficently 
        complete to run Super Mario, Contra, Castlevania IV, Gradius 
        III, TMNT 4, and others... Unfortunately, the entire setup, 
        documentation, menu, etc. is completely in Japanese. There is 
        also a version which includes some english translation, 
        although it's not a perfect translation, and it's only about 
        half done. 

        The program is said to run in 8 Megs of memory on a '486. 
        Preliminary reports are that it's pretty buggy. 

        This appears to be a demo version of a shareware emulator. It 
        is currently time-limited to run for only 10 minutes. 
        Registration (which removes the time limit) is 6 000 Yen 
        (about US$55.00). 

        Homepage (set language encoding to Japanese-SJIS): 
          http://www.bekkoame.or.jp/~m-kami/

        Screen shots (and some English instructions) are available at: 
          http://www.anthrox.com/emulator.html

        Translated Program: 
          http://www.winternet.com/~niczak/

    5.5.2 SFEM 1.11 (Hoax)

        This is a package that purports to be an SNES emulator for 
        MS-DOS machines. It is, in fact, a zipfile of the following 
        programs: 
        
          SFEM    .COM   MSDOS v6.0 COMMAND.COM (Italian)
          32BEXT  .DTA   Microsoft Mail for Windows 3.02 (Italian)
          DYNAMIC .DTA   ??? from Quest Development / SLR Systems (Italian)
          FAST32B .DTA   Microsoft Mail for Windows 3.02 (Italian)
          FAST32C .DTA   Central Point Video Routines
          LIBRARY .DTA   Bitmap (PBM) - modified with EXE signature
          VGAXMODE.DTA   MORICONS.DLL

        [Thanks to cjackson@cybernetics.com (Craig Jackson) for this 
        information.] 

        These files contain the following copyright notices, which 
        means that posession or distribution of this fake emulator is 
        in violation of *at least* four different copyrights: 
        
        (C) Copyright Quest Development Corporation 1991 
        Copyright (C) SLR Systems 1990-91 
        (c)1993 Central Point Software, Inc. 
        (C)Copyright Microsoft Corp 1981-1993. 
        (C)Copyright 1981-1993 Microsoft Corp Licensed Material 

    5.5.3 Virtual Magicom [MS-DOS]

        This program appears to be an SNES emulator for MS-DOS; it is 
        in a very early stage of development, however. The programmer 
        seems primarily interested in creating a working emulator so 
        that the fakes will fade into obscurity. 

        According to the documentation, mode-7 is not supported, an 
        SVGA card and 80386 processor are required, and the emulation 
        is very slow. 

        The program needs .SMC files generated by a console backup 
        unit in order to function. It includes a Tic-Tac-Toe program. 

        Written by "The Brain" <thebrain@iceonline.com>. Please don't 
        bug him for ROM images. 

        Program: 
          ftp://ftp.mcs.net/mcsnet.users/panx/console/snem7.zip
          http://www.iceonline.com/home/thebrain/vsmc/vsmc964c.zip

        Homepage: 
          http://www.iceonline.com/home/thebrain/vsmc/

  5.6 Sega

    5.6.1 SEGA-EM 1.01 (Hoax)

        This emulator is another hoax. While it does not seem to be 
        malicious, it most certainly isn't an emulator. The file 
        "sega-em.com" is a packed exe file generated by BASIC. The 
        file "sega-em.ovl" is not a standard overlay file; it probably 
        is pure trash never used by the program. 

6 - Hardware Solutions

  6.1 Atari ST

      TOS ROMs can be purchased from the following suppliers: 

      COMPO 
        mailto:compo@cix.compulink.co.uk

      System Solutions 
        mailto:ssolutions@cix.compulink.co.uk

    6.1.1 Gemulator [80x86]

        There are two versions of Gemulator available. Gemulator 3.0 
        has been out for three years now, and runs on on a 80386 or 
        better under MS-DOS. This product lists around US$100 in the 
        US and DM 300 in Europe. Gemulator 4.0 was (supposedly) 
        released around June 1995; it runs under Windows 3.1 with 
        win32s, Windows 95, and OS/2 Warp. It will list around US$150. 

        Both versions require Atari ST ROMs, which you install on an 
        8-bit ISA card. 

        March 1996 saw the release of Gemulator upgrades, which 
        include support for MS-Windows 3.1, MS-Windows 95, and 
        MS-Windows NT. They also support a cable which allows users to 
        plug 8-bit Atari disk drives and printers into your PC. See 
        the homepage, below, for more information. 

        This emlulator reportedly has trouble with games that use copy 
        protection schemes. 

        From Darek Mihocka, developer: 

        "The web page includes a link to a list of all our dealers in 
         the U.K., Germany, Holland, France, and Australia. People in 
         those countries can directly buy Gemulator from those dealers 
         in addition to buying it from us." 

        Homepage: 
          http://www.halcyon.com/brasoft/

        Information: 
          mailto:brasoft@halcyon.com
                
          Brasoft 
          14150 N.E. 20th Street, Suite 302 
          Bellevue, WA 98007 U.S.A. 
          +1 206/236-0540 
          Fax: +1 206/236-0257 

    6.1.2 Janus [80x86]

        Janus is a hardware-based Atari ST emulator. It includes a 16 
        bit ISA card with a 68000/16, TOS V2.06 ROM chips, and 2 SIMM 
        slots (which will take up to 32M of RAM.) The emulation uses 
        its own RAM (probably due to the endian differences between 
        the processors), but uses the PC's I/O devices. The emulator 
        functions in two modes: "dual mode," which uses the PC's CPU 
        to assist the 68000, and "local mode," which uses the on-board 
        68000 exclusively. 

        The program is available from VHF Computer GmbH (Germany): 
        +49-(0)7031-75019-0 

        The program is also available from Edicta GmbH (Germany): 
        
          Karl-Paff-Str. 30
          70597 Stuttgart
          Tel: +49 711 763381
          Fax: +49 711 7653824
          Pricing: 698 DM for a 20 MHz version and 898 DM for a 25 MHz 
                   version. They also sell TOS 2.06 ROMs for 80 DM.

        Can anyone get me the address of a North American supplier for 
        this card? 

  6.2 DG Nova/Eclipse

    6.2.1 The Hawk [80x86]

        The Hawk is a PC add-in card which executes the Data General 
        Nova and Eclipse machines. It includes a custom bitslice CPU 
        and has optional support for the original chassis I/O and 
        optional hardware floating point support. Produced by Strobe 
        Data of Redmond, WA. See section 6.4.1 for a mailing address 
        and phone numbers. 

        Information: 
          mailto:strobe@strobedata.com

        Homepage: 
          http://www.strobedata.com/strobe/

        FTP Site: 
          ftp://ftp.strobedata.com/local/strobe/

  6.3 IBM-PC and Compatibles

    6.3.1 A2088/A2286/A386SX-16/A386SX-25 [Amiga]

        These boards were manufactured by Commodore. They required a 
        Zorro 2 slot on the Amiga. They included a 5.25" drive, and 
        had room to add another floppy drive and an appropriate 8087 
        or 80x86 math coprocessor. The A2088 included a 4.77 8088 
        processor, and the A2286 included a 80286-10. The 386 cards 
        were capable of holding more memory. All cards included 
        bridgeboard support. 

    6.3.2 AtOnce Plus [Amiga]

        Mini-board with 80286 on board. Required the user to purchase 
        MS-DOS. Produced by GVP. 

    6.3.3 AT Speed [Atari ST/TT]

        A 286 add-on board for the Atari ST computers. Produced by 
        Compo Software. 

    6.3.4 DOSonMac [Macintosh]

        from Joyces@acm.org (Shawn Joyce): 

        "DOSonMac is a very cheap board for running dos and windows on 
         a 486 in a mac (even has sound blaster 16 bit built in) for 
         only $500 and up. They don't advertise os/2 or linux ability, 
         but you could ask them. Their number is 1-800-801-6898." 

        [Reposted with permission] 

        Does anyone have a non-800 number for our non-American 
        readers? 

    6.3.5 Falcon Speed [Falcon]

        An 80286-16 on a board; it plugs into the processor direct 
        slot on the Atari Falcon. Emulates VGA graphics. 

    6.3.6 Golden Gate 486SLC [Amiga]

        These 80486 cards require a Zorro 2 slot. They come with 2 
        Megs of memory on the board, and can be expanded up to 8 Megs. 
        All I/O is emulated through software. Supports CGA, VGA, and 
        Monochrome graphics. Produced by Vortex Computersysteme GmbH. 

    6.3.7 PC286 [Amiga]

        These boards plugged into the GVP A500+'s proprietary slot. 
        Included 80286 processor. 

    6.3.8 SideCar [Amiga]

        SideCar was a A1000 8088 add on module which attached to the 
        right side of the A1000. It included a 5.25" floppy, and 
        supported CGA, MGA, and Hercules graphics. It was manufactured 
        by Commodore. 

  6.4 PDP-11

      (See also software solutions in section 4.13.) 

    6.4.1 The Osprey [80x86]

        PDP-11 on-a-card solution from Strobe Data of Redmond, WA. 
        Requires an 80x86 PC; uses one ISA slot. The card itself holds 
        an actual PDP-11 CPU from DEC. The Osprey is also available 
        with Unibus or Qbus options. You can contact Strobe Data at: 
        
          Jerry Kennedy, VP Marketing
          Strobe Data Inc.
          4320 150th Ave N.E.
          Redmond, WA 98052  USA
        
          +1 206/861-4940
          +1 206/861-4295 FAX
          mailto:strobe@strobedata.com

        Homepage: 
          http://www.strobedata.com/strobe/

        FTP Site: 
          ftp://ftp.strobedata.com/local/strobe/

  6.5 Sinclair QL

      (See also software solutions in section 4.15.) 

    6.5.1 QXL [80x86]

        QXL is a hardware emulator for the QL for 80x86 machines. It 
        is a PC card with a 68040 and up to 8M of memory. Several 
        variations of this card have been produced. The emulator is 
        produced by Miracle Systems in Britian. 

7 - In-Circuit Emulators

    In-circuit emulators (ICEs) are not really "emulators" in the same 
    sense as the above programs. They are actually hardware devices 
    that fit between a microprocessor and control board; they monitor 
    the signals sent to/from a CPU. I would surmise they are used 
    almost exclusively for hardware design debugging, although a 
    really ambitious assembly hacker could probably make use of one 
    for realtime debugging. 

    Due to the nature of ICE manufacturers, this section is organised 
    differently; the headings are individual ICE manufacturers. 

  7.1 American Arium P5 Emulator [80x86]

      From an ad: 

      "Our LA/ICE has 128K real-time bus trace - cache execution trace 
       & breakpoints - trace and cache disassembly - C high-level 
       debugger - multiple Pentium analysis w/time alignment true 66 
       MHz emulation." 
      
        American Arium 
        14281 Chambers Rd 
        Tustin, CA 92680 
      
        +1 714/731-1661 

  7.2 Huntsville Microsystems Motorola Emulators [680x0]

      Huntsville Microsystems markets Motorola processor ICEs. You can 
      contact them at: 
      
        Huntsville Microsystems Inc. 
        3322 So. Memorial Dr. 
        Huntsville, AL 35801 
      
        +1 205/881-6005 
        FAX: +1 205/882-6701 
        BBS: +1 205/881-7395 
        sales@hmi.com 

  7.3 Lauterbach Datentechnik GmbH [680x0, 80x86, H8, others]

      Lauterbach Datentechnik GmbH is the largest European 
      manufacturer of ICEs. They can be reached vie e-mail at 
      <info@lauterbach.com>. You can also contact them in Europe at: 
      
        Lauterbach Datentechnik GmbH
        Fichtenstr. 27
        D-85649 Hofolding
        Tel. ++49 8104/8943-29
        FAX  ++49 8104/8943-30

      Or in the US at: 
      
        Lauterbach, Inc.
        945 Concord Street
        Framingham MA 01701
        Tel. (508) 620 4521
        FAX  (508) 620 4522

      Homepage: 
        http://www.lauterbach.com

  7.4 Orion Instruments, Inc. [680x0, 683xx, 68hc11, 80196, z80, H8, others]

      Orion Instruments makes ICEs for almost 200 different 
      uProcessors; they can be contacted at <info@oritools.com> or: 
      
        Orion Instruments, Inc.
        1376 Borregas Avenue
        Sunnyvale, CA 94089-1004
        Phone: (408)747-0440
        Fax: (408)747-0688

      Homepage: 
        http://www.oritools.com

8 - Terminal Emulation

    This section has been basically discontinued. I will keep a few 
    links to terminal-related sites here, but the sheer number of term 
    emulators out there makes it impossible to keep up with. If you 
    have a particular need, check out the links below; however, if you 
    cannot find information on the net about a product that suits your 
    needs, I'm sure you can find a solution at your local software 
    vendor. 

    Brixton Solutions Homepage: 
      http://www.cnt.com:80/solution/brix/

    DynaComm Homepage: 
      http://www.fse.com/pages/fseapps.html

    You can get a full copy of EMU-TEK free for 30 days by calling 
    1-800-962-3900 (+1 714/995-3900). 

    KEA Homepage: 
      http://www.attachmate.com/PRODSERV/SCS/KEA/KEA95WEB.HTM

    Mozart Homepage: 
      http://www.mozart.com/

    Wall Data Rumba products page: 
      http://www.walldata.com/rum/rum00.html

    TERMiTE Hompage: 
      http://www.pixel.co.uk/pixel/

    TGraph Homepage: 
      http://www.wpine.com/wintgraf.html

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix A - URL Formats

    A URL will generally look something like this: 
        
      http://spam.foo.com/pub/stuff/
      +-1-+  +----2-----++----3----+

    The first section tells you what protocol to use to access the 
    data. (ftp for ftp; http for WWW browsers, like Netscape; gopher 
    for gopher, and so on). The second part tells which machine the 
    information is kept on, and the third part gives a full path to 
    the file or files being referenced. 

    All the URLs in this document should work with WWW browsers. 

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix B - DEC VTxxx Control Sequences

    The DEC VT100 control sequences are based on the ANSI standard 
    X3.64. Both the ANSI document and the DEC adaptation are available 
    via mail order. 

    You can order the ANSI standard document X3.64-1979 for $13.50 
    plus $4.00 shipping from: 
    
         Standards Sales Department
         American National Standards Institute
         1430 Broadway
         New York, NY 10018
         212/354-3300

    DEC sells their VT-100 spec for $13.00; order document 
    EK-VT100-UG-003 from them at: 
    
         Digital Equipment Corporation
         Accessories and Supplies Group
         POB CS-2008
         Nashua, NH 03061

    Below is an unofficial table of the control codes for the VT1xx, 
    VT2xx, and VT3xx terminals. 

    From frank@ifi.unibas.ch (Robert Frank): 

    The folowing sequences are written within < > and using spaces for 
    easier reading. DO NOT type the spaces or the < > unless they are 
    explicitly given as "space" or "<", ">" respectively. The term 
    chr(n), where n is a value of 0 through 255, denotes a character 
    with that decimal value. 

    The letter P followed by a label (or just "n") stands for a 
    numerical value (ascii digits i.e. 25). A parameter can be 
    omitted, in which case it will assume a certain default value 
    (denoted as D:n). If a sequence can take more than one parameter 
    (given as p followed by a label) then the paramters are separated 
    by semicolons (;). 
        
    mnemonic               7bit equivalent     8bit equivalent
    ------------           ---------------     ---------------
    BEL (sound beeper)     <chr(7)>            <chr(7)>
    BS  (backspace)        <chr(8)>            <chr(8)>
    HT  (tab)              <chr(9)>            <chr(9)>
    LF  (line feed)        <chr(10)>           <chr(10)>
    FF  (form feed)        <chr(12)>           <chr(12)>
    CR  (cariage return)   <chr(13)>           <chr(13)>
    SO  (shift out,G1->GL) <chr(14)>           <chr(14)>
    SI  (shift in, G0->GL) <chr(15)>           <chr(15)>
    DC1 (xon (dev ctrl 1)) <chr(17)>           <chr(17)>
    DC3 (xoff(dev ctrl 2)) <chr(19)>           <chr(19)>
    ESC                    <chr(27)>           <chr(27)>
    IND (index)            <ESC D>             <chr(132)>
    NEL (next line)        <ESC E>             <chr(133)>
    RI  (reverse index)    <ESC M>             <chr(141)>
    SS2 (single shift 2)   <ESC N>             <chr(142)>
    SS3 (single shift 3)   <ESC O>             <chr(143)>
    DCS (dev ctrl string)  <ESC P>             <chr(144)>
    CSI                    <ESC [>             <chr(155)>
    ST  (string terminator)<ESC \>             <chr(156)>
    
    Note: the 8 bit equivalents are only possible on the vt2xx and
          vt3xx terminals. They can always be sent TO the terminal
          but will only be sent FROM the terminal if in 8 bit
          control mode.
    
    
    The columns 1, 1a, 2 and 3 give the availability of that
    sequence on the vt100/101, vt102/131/132, vt2x0 and vt3x0
    terminals respectively.
    
    Control commands sent TO the terminal:
    
    sequence      atcion                           1 1a 2 3
    ------------- -------------------------------- - -  - -
    <CSI Pn A>    cursor up (D:1)                  * *  * *
    <CSI Pn B>    cursor down (D:1)                * *  * *
    <CSI Pn C>    cursor right (D:1)               * *  * *
    <CSI Pn C>    cursor left (D:1)                * *  * *
    <CSI H>       cursor home (top left corner)    * *  * *
    <CSI Pline ; Pcolumn H>
                  set cursor to line and column    * *  * *
    
    <CSI Ptop ; Pbottom r>
                  set top and bottom lines of the scroll
                  region (lines 1..24)             * *  * *
    
    <CSI Pn M>    delete n lines (D:1)               *  * *
    <CSI Pn L>    insert n lines (D:1)               *  * *
    <CSI Pn P>    delete n characters (D:1)          *  * *
    <CSI Pn @>    insert n characters (D:1)          *  * *
    
    <CSI Pmode J> erase in display: mode is of     * *  * *
                  D:0 (or none) cursor to end
                  1 beginning to cursor
                  2 entire screen
    <CSI Pmode K> erase in line: mode is of        * *  * *
                  D:0 (or none) cursor to end
                  1 beginning to cursor
                  2 entire line
    <CSI Pn X>    erase n characters                    * *
    
    <CSI pattribute m>
                  set character attribute(s)
                  D:0 (or none) clear all          * *  * *
                  1 set bold                       * *  * *
                  4 set underline                  * *  * *
                  5 set blink                      * *  * *
                  7 set reverse                    * *  * *
                  22 turn bold off only                 * *
                  24 turn underline off only            * *
                  25 turn blinking off only             * *
                  27 turn reverse off only              * *
    (<CSI 0 ; 7 m> will reset the attributes and then set reverse)
    
    <ESC # 5>     single-width single-height line  * *  * *
    <ESC # 6>     double-width single-height line  * *  * *
    <ESC # 3>     double-width double-height top   * *  * *
    <ESC # 4>     double-width double-height bottom* *  * *
    
    <ESC 7>       save cursor position and attribs * *  * *
    <ESC 8>       restore to saved values          * *  * *
    
    <CSI 4 h>     set insert mode                    *  * *
    <CSI 4 l>     set overtype mode                  *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 25 h>  visible cursor                        * *
    <CSI ? 25 l>  invisible cursor                      * *
    
    <CSI 2 h>     lock keyboard                    * *  * *
    <CSI 2 l>     unlock keyboard                  * *  * *
    
    <CSI 20 h>    new line mode                    * *  * *
    <CSI 20 l>    ine feed mode                    * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 8 h>   autorepeat key                   * *  * *
    <CSI ? 8 l>   no autorepeat                    * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 7 h>   autowrap key                     * *  * *
    <CSI ? 7 l>   no autowrap                      * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 1 h>   cursor application keys          * *  * *
    <CSI ? 1 l>   cursor keys                      * *  * *
    
    <ESC =>       application numeric block        * *  * *
    <ESC ">">     numeric block                    * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 5 h>   light background                 * *  * *
    <CSI ? 5 l>   dark background                  * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 3 h>   132 columns                      * *  * *
    <CSI ? 3 l>   80 columns                       * *  * *
    
    <CSI ? 6 h>   move cursor withing margins      * *  * *
    <CSI ? 6 l>   move cursor absolute             * *  * *
    
    <CSI c>       (primary) device attrib. request * *  * *
                  response is: <CSI ? plist c>
    <CSI 6 n>     cursor position report           * *  * *
                  response is: <CSI Pline;Pcolumn R>
    
    
    
    
    user definable keys (UDKs) on vt2x0 and vt3x0:
    ----------------------------------------------
    
    <DCS Pclear ; Plock | Pkey1 / Pstring1 ; ... Pkeyn / Pstringn ST>
    
    clear : D:0: clear all keys before loading
            1: clear this key before loading
    
    lock  : 0: lock the keys
            D:1: do not lock the keys
    
    key   : numeric key value send in escape sequence of this key.
            see: "Control commands sent FROM the terminal"
    
    string: string to send encoded as two digits-per-character hexadecimals
    
    
    To download a soft character font for the vt2x0 and vt3x0:
    -------------------------------------------------------
    
    <DCS Pfn ; Pcn ; Pec ; Pcmw ; Pw ; Pt ; Pcmh ; Pcss ; {
     Dscs Sxbp1 ; Sxbp2 ; ... ; Sxbpn ST>
    
    fn : font number               0 or 1
    cn : starting character (position of first character sent
         in character set)         0..95
    ec : erase control             0..2
    cmw: character matrix width    0..6
    w  : font width                0..2
    t  : text or full-cell         0..2
    cmh: character matrix height   0..12
    css: character set size        0..1
    Dscs:define character set name <"space"../ "space"../ F>
    Sxbpn: sixel bit patterns
           <sixel ; sixel ; .. ; sixel / sixel ; ... >
    
    
    Control commands sent FROM the terminal:
    
    sequence      key                              1 1a 2 3
    ------------- -------------------------------- - -  - -
    <CSI A>       cursor key up    }               * *  * *
    <CSI B>       cursor key down  }  cursor key   * *  * *
    <CSI C>       cursor key right }  mode         * *  * *
    <CSI C>       cursor key left  }               * *  * *
    
    <SS3 A>       cursor key up    }  application  * *  * *
    <SS3 B>       cursor key down  }  cursor key   * *  * *
    <SS3 C>       cursor key right }  mode         * *  * *
    <SS3 C>       cursor key left  }               * *  * *
    
    <SS3 P>       PF1                              * *  * *
    <SS3 Q>       PF2                              * *  * *
    <SS3 R>       PF3                              * *  * *
    <SS3 S>       PF4                              * *  * *
    
    <CSI 1 ~>     Find                                  * *
    <CSI 2 ~>     Insert Here                           * *
    <CSI 3 ~>     Remove                                * *
    <CSI 4 ~>     Select                                * *
    <CSI 5 ~>     Prev Screen                           * *
    <CSI 6 ~>     Next Screen                           * *
    <CSI 1 7 ~>   F6                                    * *
    <CSI 1 8 ~>   F7                                    * *
    <CSI 1 9 ~>   F8                                    * *
    <CSI 2 0 ~>   F9                                    * *
    <CSI 2 1 ~>   F10                                   * *
    <CSI 2 3 ~>   F11                                   * *
    <CSI 2 4 ~>   F12                                   * *
    <CSI 2 5 ~>   F13                                   * *
    <CSI 2 6 ~>   F14                                   * *
    <CSI 2 8 ~>   Help                                  * *
    <CSI 2 9 ~>   Do                                    * *
    <CSI 3 1 ~>   F17                                   * *
    <CSI 3 2 ~>   F18                                   * *
    <CSI 3 3 ~>   F19                                   * *
    <CSI 3 4 ~>   F20                                   * *
    
    
    key codes of the numeric keypad in:            * *  * *
    numeric application mode    key
    ---     -------             ---
    <0>     <SS3 p>              0
    <1>     <SS3 q>              1
    <2>     <SS3 r>              2
    <3>     <SS3 s>              3
    <4>     <SS3 t>              4
    <5>     <SS3 u>              5
    <6>     <SS3 v>              6
    <7>     <SS3 w>              7
    <8>     <SS3 x>              8
    <9>     <SS3 y>              9
    <->     <SS3 m>              -
    <,>     <SS3 l>              ,
    <.>     <SS3 n>              .
    <CR>    <SS3 M>              enter

    [Reposted with permission] 

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix C - Emulator FTP Sites/Sources

    This is a archive of many emulators; however, be considerate when 
    you're downloading from this site. They're hooked up by just a T1; 
    if everyone hopped over there and downloaded the whole archive, it 
    would bring the connection to its knees. Currently has directories 
    for Coleco, GameBoy, MSX, Spectrum, and TI-85: 
      ftp://altair.komkon.com/pub/

    Contains emulators for Commodore-64s, Apple 2s, TRS-80s, and Macs. 
    [If this brings up a blank list in your browser, you may want to 
    try a normal FTP program. Wilbur does not like ls -l commands...]: 
      ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/emulators/

    Although this seems to be designed for Linux systems, most of the 
    source code will compile for just about any Unix system. This site 
    gets really busy, so you might want to use one of the mirrors 
    listed below: 
      ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Emulators/

    Mirrors of the sunsite emulator directory: 
      ftp://ftp.univie.ac.at/systems/linux/sunsite/system/Emulators/
      ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/os/Linux/Mirror.SunSITE/system/Emulators/
      ftp://freebsd.cdrom.com/.4/linux/sunsite/system/Emulators/

    Mirrors of the SimTel MS-DOS emulator directory. SimTel used to be 
    a public-access FTP site until it grew too large; all it does now 
    is get mirrored. For a more complete list of SimTel sites, send an 
    email message to listserv@SimTel.Coast.NET with only the following 
    in your message: get simtel-download.info 
      ftp://oak.oakland.edu/SimTel/msdos/emulator/
      ftp://archie.au/micros/pc/SimTel/msdos/emulator/
      ftp://ftp.uni-paderborn.de/SimTel/msdos/emulator/
      ftp://nctuccca.edu.tw/PC/simtel/emulator/

    Simtel is also available from several web sites: 
      http://www.is.co.za/resources/ftpsite/simtel/msdos/emulator.html
      http://www.coast.net/SimTel/msdos/emulator.html

    Contains most available Spectrum emulators: 
      ftp://ftp.nvg.unit.no/pub/sinclair/utils/

    Aminet mirror emulators directory. Many emulators designed to run 
    on Amigas appear here: 
      ftp://ftp.eunet.ch/pub/aminet/misc/emu/
      ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub3/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/
      ftp://plaza.aarnet.edu.au/pub/aminet/misc/emu/
      ftp://freebsd.cdrom.com/pub/aminet/misc/emu/

    The Aminet homepage is at: 
      http://ftp.wustl.edu/~aminet/

    Contact information for commercial emulator vendors: 
      ftp://ftp.product.com/info/computer_hardware/emulators/ 

    Epic Marketing sells a CD-ROM with many emulators on it. You can 
    contact them at: 
    
      Epic Marketing,
      Victoria Centre,          
      138-139 Victoria Road,
      Swindon,
      Wilts,
      SN1 3BU,
      England.
    
      Phone: +44 (0)793 490988     

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix D - Related Documents

    Emulation Software R&D WWW Page: 
      http://www.uruk.org/emu/main.html

    WWW Personal Computing and Emulation Homepage: 
      http://www.freeflight.com/fms/comp/

    Instruction-Level Simulation And Tracing 
      http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/pardo/sim.d/index.html

    Emulation Homepages: 
      http://www.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/%7Esteve/emulation/emulation.html

    Yet another emulator homepage: 
      http://members.aol.com/chrissalo/emu1.htm

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix E - Archie

    The pointers to resources at FTP sites are almost never the sole 
    place to obtain information. If you have trouble finding a file at 
    a particular site, use archie to locate it at a different place on 
    the net. In most cases, you should have an archie client on your 
    system (type "man archie" for instructions). 

    If you appear not to have an archie client, you can telnet to one 
    of the sites listed below and login as "archie" (no password). If 
    you need further help once you log in, type "help" at the prompt. 

    Publicly accessible Archie servers, as of June 21st, 1994: 
        
      archie.au                   139.130.4.6     Australia
      archie.uni-linz.ac.at       140.78.3.8      Austria
      archie.univie.ac.at         131.130.1.23    Austria
      archie.cs.mcgill.ca         132.206.51.250  Canada
      archie.uqam.ca              132.208.250.10  Canada
      archie.funet.fi             128.214.6.102   Finland
      archie.univ-rennes1.fr      129.20.128.38   France
      archie.th-darmstadt.de      130.83.128.118  Germany
      archie.ac.il                132.65.16.18    Israel
      archie.unipi.it             131.114.21.10   Italy
      archie.wide.ad.jp           133.4.3.6       Japan
      archie.hana.nm.kr           128.134.1.1     Korea
      archie.sogang.ac.kr         163.239.1.11    Korea
      archie.uninett.no           128.39.2.20     Norway
      archie.rediris.es           130.206.1.2     Spain
      archie.luth.se              130.240.12.30   Sweden
      archie.switch.ch            130.59.1.40     Switzerland
      archie.twnic.net            192.83.166.10   Taiwan
      archie.ncu.edu.tw           192.83.166.12   Taiwan
      archie.doc.ic.ac.uk         146.169.11.3    United Kingdom
      archie.hensa.ac.uk          129.12.21.25    United Kingdom
      archie.unl.edu              129.93.1.14     USA (NE)
      archie.internic.net         198.49.45.10    USA (NJ)
      archie.rutgers.edu          128.6.18.15     USA (NJ)
      archie.ans.net              147.225.1.10    USA (NY)
      archie.sura.net             128.167.254.179 USA (MD)

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix F - Emulator Availability

    The tables below indicate how many emulators are available for 
    each system. The left tags indicate which system is being 
    emulated; the top tags indicate which system is needed to run the 
    emulator. 

    Game Consoles

              Acor Amig MS-D MS-W Mac  MacO Powe Unix Wind
       Atari |    |    |  1 |  1 |  1 |    |    |  2 |    |
  ColecoVisi |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |  1 |  1 |    |
     GameBoy |  1 |  2 |  1 |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
  NES/Famico |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
        SNES |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |
        Sega |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |

    Hardware Solutions

              80x8 Amig Atar Falc Maci
       Atari |  2 |    |    |    |    |
          DG |  1 |    |    |    |    |
      IBM-PC |    |  5 |  1 |  1 |  1 |
      PDP-11 |  1 |    |    |    |    |
    Sinclair |  1 |    |    |    |    |

    Machine Emulation

              Acor Amig Atar Comm Linu MS-D MS-W MacO Maci NeXT Powe Unix Wind
       Amiga |  1 |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |  1 |    |    |  1 |    |
       Atari |    |  4 |    |    |    |  1 |  1 |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
         BBC |  3 |  1 |    |    |    |  3 |  1 |  2 |    |  1 |    |  1 |  1 |
       CHIP8 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
         CPC |  1 |  4 |    |    |    |  3 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
        CoCo |    |    |    |    |    |  3 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
       ENIAC |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
  Enterprise |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
        HP41 |    |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |    |
        HP48 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
         MSX |    |  2 |  1 |    |    |  3 |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |
        Oric |    |  1 |    |    |  1 |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
      PDP-11 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
    Sinclair |  3 |  5 |  2 |  1 |    |  9 |    |  3 |    |    |  1 |  2 |    |
    TI-99/4A |    |  1 |    |    |    |  2 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
         TO7 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |
      TRS-80 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |

    Operating System Emulation

              80x8 Amig Atar DEC  HP-U Linu MS-D MacO Mach Maci Next Sola SunO Unix
       Amiga |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
        CP/M |    |  2 |    |    |    |  1 |  6 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
      MS-DOS |  1 |  3 |    |    |    |  1 |    |  1 |  1 |    |  1 |    |  1 |  3 |
  MS-Windows |    |  1 |    |    |    |  2 |    |  1 |  1 |    |    |    |    |  2 |
       MacOS |    |  3 |  1 |    |  1 |  1 |  1 |    |    |    |  1 |  1 |    |    |
       Magic |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |
       SunOS |    |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |

    Processor Emulation

              AIX  Amig MS-D MS-W SunO Unix VMS
        6800 |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |
        6809 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
       680x0 |    |    |  2 |    |    |  2 |  1 |
      68HC11 |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |
       80x86 |  1 |  2 |  1 |  1 |  1 |  1 |  1 |
         IBM |    |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |
     PowerPC |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
       Zilog |    |  1 |    |    |    |    |    |

    Key:
      80x8 = 80x86
      AIX  = AIX
      Acor = Acorn Archimedes
      Amig = Amiga
      Atar = Atari ST/TT
      Comm = Commodore 64
      DEC  = DEC Alpha
      Falc = Falcon
      HP-U = HP-UX 9.01
      Linu = Linux
      MS-D = MS-DOS
      MS-W = MS-Windows
      Mac  = Mac OS
      MacO = MacOS
      Mach = Mach 3
      Maci = Macintosh
      NeXT = NeXTstep
      Next = NextStep
      Powe = PowerMac
      Sola = Solaris 2.3
      SunO = SunOS
      Unix = Unix & X
      VMS  = VMS
      Wind = Windows NT

---------------------------------=:> * <:=---------------------------------

Appendix G - Credits

    Thanks to the following people for their information, without 
    which this document would not have been possible: 
    ronzayas@aol.com (Ron Zayas) 
    badger@phylo.life.uiuc.edu (Jonathan Badger) 
    ceepb@cee.hw.ac.uk (Paul Boddie) 
    followel@ix.netcom.com (Byron Followell) 
    felber@lsesun1.epfl.ch (Pascal Felber) 
    jamie@unx.sas.com (James Cooper) 
    wilsonj@rpi.edu (John Wilson) 
    cjackson@cybernetics.com (Craig Jackson) 
    ali%wgd562.uk.sb.com@sb.com (Alastair Booker) 
    doug@syssoft.com (Doug Salot) 
    nino@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at (Marinos Yannikos) 
    cjackson@cybernetics.com (Craig Jackson) 
    hetz@netvision.net.il (Hetz Ben Hamo) 
    kendrick@zippy.sonoma.edu (William Kendrick) 
    burginp@logica.com (Paul Burgin) 
    henkp@cs.ruu.nl (Henk Penning) 
    frances@laas.fr (Fabrice Frances) 
    Emmanuel Roussin <roussin@genesis8.frmug.fr.net> 
    bochs@world.std.com (Kevin P Lawton) 
    <panx@mcs.com> 
    SMARTY@darkness.gun.de (Martin Gerken) 
    Ewen Roberts <robertej@aston.ac.uk> 
    Tom Seddon <T.W.Seddon@town7.ncl.ac.uk> 
    K E W Thacker <K.E.W.Thacker@cs.cf.ac.uk> 
    Hans Guijt <h.guijt@inter.nl.net> 
    Jean-Francois Fabre <fabre@cert.fr> 
    Jim Cook <jcook@halcyon.com> 
    Bill Griffith <bgriff@eda.com> 
    Alexander T. Smith <A.T.Smith@newcastle.ac.uk> 
    Tony Smolar <asmolar@fast.net> 
    Wouter Scholten <wouters@cistron.nl> 
    Sunil Gupta <Sunil.Gupta@Smallworld.co.uk> 
    Guenter Woigk <asbach!vanilla.nbg.sub.org!kio@server.noris.net> 
    James Fidell <james@hermione.demon.co.uk> 
    Michael Meissner <meissner@cygnus.com> 
    David Alan Gilbert <gilbertd@cs.man.ac.uk> 
    Ed Joseph <ejoseph@candle.com> 
    Hans Guijt <H.Guijt@solair1.inter.nl.net> 
    Michael Gueting <gueting@uni-paderborn.de> 
    Carolyn Horn <Steve@horn.demon.co.uk> 

    Special thanks to frank@ifi.unibas.ch (Robert Frank) for his list 
    of VT codes. 

    Another special thanks is due to jopi@stekt.oulu.fi (Jouko Valta) 
    for his extensive list of emulators and emulator FAQs. 
