Subject: FAQ for rec.sport.tennis (1/6) - Tournaments
Supersedes: <sports/tennis-faq/tournaments_824412061@rtfm.mit.edu>
Date: 19 Mar 1996 03:59:21 GMT
Summary: Answers to frequently asked questions about tennis, including
         information about professional tournaments, rankings and players.
X-Last-Updated: 1996/03/18



                   FAQ for rec.sport.tennis -- File 1 of 6

                   Version 1.29 --  Last Modified 18 Mar 96


*  This FAQ is also maintained as a separate document in HTML format,
*  which is accessible on the World Wide Web:
*
*      <URL:http://www.mindspring.com/~csmith/TennisFAQ.html>


                           Table of Contents


   File    Item    Title                                          
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
     1      1.1    Schedule of Grand Slam Tournaments (1996) . . .    
            1.2    Recent Grand Slam Event Highlights  . . . . . .    
            1.3    ATP Championship and the Grand Slam Cup . . . .    
            1.4    Explanation of ATP "Super 9"  . . . . . . . . .    
            1.5    1996 Pro Tournament Results . . . . . . . . . .    
            1.6    1996 Upcoming Tournaments . . . . . . . . . . .    
            1.7    Davis Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
            1.8    Fed Cup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

     2      2.1    ATP - IBM/ATP Rankings (Men)  . . . . . . . . .    
            2.2    WTA - WTA Tour Rankings (Women) . . . . . . . .    
            2.3    WTA - WTA Tour Championship Points (Women)  . .    
            2.4    ATP Rankings - List of #1's . . . . . . . . . .    
            2.5    WTA Rankings - List of #1's . . . . . . . . . .    
            2.6    Year End #1 Players . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

     3      3.1    Grand Slam Winners  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
            3.2    Grand Slam Event Winners - Open Era . . . . . .    
            3.3    Number of Grand Slam Singles Titles Won . . . .    
            3.4    Players - Career Singles Titles . . . . . . . .    
            3.5    Title Match Statistics - Number 1's . . . . . .    
            3.6    Head-to-Head Records  . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
            3.7    Pro Racquet, String, and Clothing Info  . . . .    
            3.8    Fan Club Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

     4      4.1    Buying a Tennis Racquet -- Issues to Consider .   
            4.2    Explanation of Racquet Grips  . . . . . . . . .   
            4.3    Racquet Stringing Information . . . . . . . . .   

     5      5.1    Tennis Information - World Wide Web . . . . . .
            5.2    Other Online Tennis Information . . . . . . . .
            5.3    ATP and WTA Media Guides  . . . . . . . . . . .
            5.4    Addresses of TV and Tennis Organizations  . . .
            5.5    Ticket Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
            5.6    Tennis Periodical Reference Guide   . . . . . .    
            5.7    Tennis Book Bibliography  . . . . . . . . . . .

     6      6.1    Tennis Elbow  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
            6.2    USTA Self Rating System . . . . . . . . . . . .   
            6.3    USTA Rules and Code On-Line . . . . . . . . . .
            6.4    Origin of Scoring System in Tennis  . . . . . .
            6.5    Tennis Tie-Break Rules  . . . . . . . . . . . .
            6.6    Dimensions of a Tennis Court  . . . . . . . . .
            6.7    Professional Tournament Seeding . . . . . . . .
            6.8    World Team Tennis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
            6.9    Common Pro Tennis Acronyms  . . . . . . . . . .   

            A.1    How to Obtain the FAQ via FTP/WWW . . . . . . .    
            A.2    Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
            A.3    Send comments to... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.1          Schedule of Grand Slam Tournaments (1996)

                  Event                   Dates
              ---------------------------------------
              Australian Open         Jan 15 - 28
              French Open             May 27 - Jun 9
              Wimbledon               Jun 24 - Jul 7
              US Open                 Aug 26 - Sep 8
              ---------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.2  Grand Slam Singles Results -- Quarterfinals Onward -- Last 4 GS Events

               (Round of 16 Losers shown in parentheses)

 Australian Open 1996 - Women:
 
 (Sawamatsu 15)    Seles 1  --------+ Seles
                                    |-------------+
 (Appelmans)      Majoli 7  --------+ 6-1 6-2     | Seles
                                                  |-------------+
 (M Fernandez 9) Sanchez 3  --------+ Rubin       | 6-7 6-1 7-5 |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Sabatini 6)     Rubin 13  --------+ 6-4 2-6 16-14           |    Seles    |
                                                              |             |
 (Schultz 11)       Hingis  --------+ Coetzer                 |   6-4 6-1   |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Likhovtseva)  Coetzer 16  --------+ 7-5 4-6 6-1 | Huber       |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Schett)          Huber 8  --------+ Huber       | 4-6 6-4 6-2
                                    |-------------+
 (Davenport 10) Martinez 2  --------+ 4-6 6-2 6-1
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Australian Open 1996 - Men:
 
 (Philippoussis) Woodforde  --------+ Woodforde
                                    |-------------+
 (Furlan)        Enqvist 7  --------+ 6-4 6-4 6-4 | Becker
                                                  |-------------+
 (Washington) Kafelnikov 6  --------+ Becker      | 6-4 6-2 6-0 |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Steven)           Becker  --------+ 6-4 7-6 6-1             |   Becker    |
                                                              | 6-2 6-4 2-6 |
 (Fleurian)        Chang 5  --------+ Chang                   |   6-2       |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Muster 3)      Tillstrom  --------+ 6-0 6-2 6-4 | Chang       |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Ondruska)      Courier 8  --------+ Agassi      | 6-1 6-4 7-6
                                    |-------------+
 (Bjorkman)       Agassi 2  --------+ 6-7 2-6 6-3
                                        6-4 6-2
 
 Doubles Finals -
   Men  :  Edberg/Korda d. Lareau/O'Brien                 7-5 7-5 4-6 6-1
   Women:  Rubin/Sanchez V.(8) d. Davenport/M Fern'z(3)   7-5 2-6 6-4
   Mixed:  Woodforde/Neiland(1) d. L Jensen/Arendt        4-6 7-5 6-0

 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 French Open 1995 - Women:
 
 (Smashnova)     Sanchez 1  --------+ Sanchez
                                    |-------------+
 (Sugiyama)          Rubin  --------+ 6-3 6-1     | Sanchez
                                                  |-------------+
 (Pierce 3)      Majoli 12  --------+ Date        | 7-5 6-3     |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Davenport 7)      Date 9  --------+ 7-5 6-1                 |    Graf     |
                                                              |             |
 (Dragomir)  Ruano Pascual  --------+ Martinez                | 7-5 4-6 6-0 |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Serra-Zan.)   Martinez 4  --------+ 6-0 6-4     | Graf        |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Nagatsuka)    Sabatini 8  --------+ Graf        | 6-3 6-7 6-3
                                    |-------------+
 (Huber 11)         Graf 2  --------+ 6-1 6-0
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 French Open 1995 - Men:
 
 (El Aynaoui)     Agassi 1  --------+ Kafelnikov
                                    |-------------+
 (Corretja)   Kafelnikov 9  --------+ 6-4 6-3 7-5 | Muster
                                                  |-------------+
 (Courier 13)      A Costa  --------+ Muster      | 6-4 6-0 6-4 |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Berasategui 11) Muster 5  --------+ 6-2 3-6 6-7             |   Muster    |
                                        7-5 6-2               |             |
 (Stich 12)        Chang 6  --------+ Chang                   | 7-5 6-2 6-4 |
                                    |-------------+           +-------------+
 (Chesnokov)        Voinea  --------+ 7-5 6-0 6-1 | Chang       |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Larsson 10)   Bruguera 7  --------+ Bruguera    | 6-4 7-6 7-6
                                    |-------------+
 (Draper)           Furlan  --------+ 6-2 7-5 6-2
 
 Doubles Finals -
   Men  :  Eltingh/Haarhuis(2) d. Kulti/Larsson           6-7 6-4 6-1
   Women:  Fernandez/Zvereva(2) d. Novotna/Sanchez V.(1)  6-7 6-4 7-5
   Mixed:  Neiland/Woodforde(1) d. Hetherington/de Jager  7-6 7-6
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Wimbledon 1995 - Women:
 
 (Gorrochategui)    Graf 1  --------+ Graf
                                    |-------------+
 (Davenport 7) MJ Fer'z 13  --------+ 6-3 6-0     | Graf
                                                  |-------------+
 (Bradtke)       Novotna 4  --------+ Novotna     | 5-7 6-4 6-2 |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (De Swardt)        Date 6  --------+ 6-2 6-3                 |    Graf      |
                                                              |              |
 (Raymond)      Sabatini 8  --------+ Martinez                | 4-6 6-1 7-5  |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (Kamstra)      Martinez 3  --------+ 7-5 7-6     | Sanchez     |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Basuki)       Schultz 15  --------+ Sanchez     | 6-3 6-7 6-1
                                    |-------------+
 (Huber 11)      Sanchez 2  --------+ 6-4 7-6
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Wimbledon 1995 - Men:
 
 (Mronz)          Agassi 1  --------+ Agassi
                                    |-------------+
 (Ferreira 7)      Eltingh  --------+ 6-2 6-3 6-4 | Becker
                                                  |-------------+
 (Norman)         Becker 3  --------+ Becker      | 2-6 7-6 6-4 |
                                    |-------------+   7-6     +--------------+
 (Korda)           Pioline  --------+ 6-3 6-1 6-7             |   Sampras    |
                                        6-7 9-7               | 6-7 6-2 6-4  |
 (Krickstein) Kafelnikov 6  --------+ Ivanisevic              |   6-2        |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (Martin 14)  Ivanisevic 4  --------+ 7-5 7-6 6-3 | Sampras     |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Joyce)          Matsuoka  --------+ Sampras     | 7-6 4-6 6-3
                                    |-------------+   4-6 6-3
 (Rusedski)      Sampras 2  --------+ 6-7 6-3 6-4
                                        6-2
 Doubles Finals -
   Men  :  Woodbridge/Woodforde(5) d. Leach/Melville        7-5 7-6 7-6
   Women:  Novotna/Sanchez V.(2) d. Fernandez/Zvereva(1)    7-5 5-7 6-4
   Mixed:  Stark/Navratilova(3) d. Suk/G Fernandez(4)       6-4 6-4

 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 US Open 1995 - Women:
 
 (Rubin)            Graf 1  --------+ Graf
                                    |-------------+
 (Zvereva 12)      Frazier  --------+ 6-2 6-3     | Graf
                                                  |-------------+
 (Sanchez 3)  Fernandez 14  --------+ Sabatini    | 6-4 7-6     |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (Hingis)       Sabatini 9  --------+ 6-1 6-3                 |    Graf      |
                                                              |              |
 (Date 7)    Schultz-M. 16  --------+ Martinez                | 7-6 0-6 6-3  |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (Garrison J.)  Martinez 4  --------+ 3-6 7-6 6-2 | Seles       |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Studenikova)   Novotna 5  --------+ Seles       | 6-2 6-2
                                    |-------------+
 (Huber 11)        Seles 2  --------+ 7-6 6-2
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 US Open 1995 - Men:
 
 (Palmer)         Agassi 1  --------+ Agassi
                                    |-------------+
 (Spadea)            Korda  --------+ 6-4 6-2 1-6 | Agassi
                                        7-5       |-------------+
 (Rosset 13)      Becker 4  --------+ Becker      | 7-6 7-6 4-6 |
                                    |-------------+   6-4     +--------------+
 (Vacek)         P McEnroe  --------+ 6-4 7-6 6-7             |   Sampras    |
                                        7-6                   | 6-4 6-3 4-6  |
 (Tebbutt)         Chang 5  --------+ Courier                 |   7-5        |
                                    |-------------+           +--------------+
 (Muster 3)     Courier 14  --------+ 7-6 7-6 7-5 | Sampras     |
                                                  |-------------+
 (Stich 8)         B Black  --------+ Sampras     | 7-5 4-6 6-4
                                    |-------------+   7-5
 (Martin 15)     Sampras 2  --------+ 7-6 6-4 6-0
 
 Doubles Finals -
   Men  :  Woodbridge/Woodforde(2) d. O'Brien/Stolle(15)      6-3 6-3
   Women:  G Fernandez/Zvereva(2) d. Schultz-M./Stubbs(6)     6-4 7-6
   Mixed:  McGrath/Lucena d. G Fernandez/Suk(3)               6-4 6-4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.3        The ATP Championship and the Grand Slam Cup

On the men's tour, there are two year-end championships: the ATP Tour 
World Championship and the Grand Slam Cup.
 
The ATP Tour World Championship
 
The ATP Tour World Championship in Frankfurt, Germany is the last singles
event on the ATP Tour in a calendar year.  The top eight (8) players in the
ATP rankings as of the Monday of the tournament qualify, while the ninth
player is the alternate.  The ATP rankings for this week only consists of
the "best 14" results from all tournaments in that calendar year, up to
and including the week immediately prior to the ATP Tour World Championship.
In other words, points received from this tournament in the previous year
are NOT included in the calculation of rankings. 

The eight players are divided into two groups of four.  #1, 4, 5 and 8 are
in one group while #2, 3, 6, and 7 are in the other.  Within each group,
the four players face one another exactly once in round robin matches.  The
top two finishers from each group advance to the semi-final.  Within each
group, the two players who win the most matches finish 1 and 2.  If there
is a tie between two players, the one who wins their head-to-head match
wins the tie. If there is still a tie or a three-way tie, the number of
sets won/loss will be used to break the tie.

In the semi-final, the top finisher from one group plays the second from
the other.  The semi-final winners advance to the final, which is best-of-
five tie-break sets (i.e. if the fifth set is tied at 6-6, the players
will play a tie break to decide the match and therefore the championship).
All other matches are best-of-three tie-break sets.
 
In 1994, players received the following ranking points from the ATP Tour 
World Championship.
 
each round robin match won:  70 points
winning a semi-final match: 170 points
winning the final:          270 points
No bonus points are given for beating ranked players in this tournament.
 
For example, if a player wins all three round robin matches and of course
the semi and final on the way to the title, he would have received:
  70 * 3 + 170 + 270 = 650 points

---------------------------------------

The Grand Slam Cup

The year-end Grand Slam Cup in Munich, Germany is a tournament created
by the ITF (International Tennis Federation) and is NOT part of the ATP
Tour.  Therefore, it is technically an exhibition because its results do
NOT count towards the ATP rankings or head-to-head records.  Eligibility
for the Grand Slam Cup is determined by a player's results from the four
Grand Slam events in that calendar year.  The players are awarded a certain
number of points depending on how far they advance in each event. The top
16 with the highest number of total points qualify.  Seedings for this
event is determined by the GS points, NOT the usual rankings.  The first
two rounds of the Grand Slam Cup are best of three sets.  The semi and
final are best of five sets.

Grand Slam Cup points from GS events:
  winner:           600
  finalist:         450
  semi finalist:    300
  quarter finalist: 150
  round of 16:       75
  third round:       40
  second round:      20
  first round:        2

Here are the 1996 Grand Slam Cup point standings:

                   Australian  French    Wimbledon   US Open    Total
---------------------------------------------------------------------
 1. Becker            600         -          -          -         600
 2. Chang             450         -          -          -         450
 3. Agassi            300         -          -          -         300
 4. Woodforde         300         -          -          -         300
 5. Courier           150         -          -          -         150
 6. Enqvist           150         -          -          -         150
 7. Kafelnikov        150         -          -          -         150
 8. Tillstrom         150         -          -          -         150
 9. Bjorkman           75         -          -          -          75
10. Fleurian           75         -          -          -          75
11. Furlan             75         -          -          -          75
12. Muster             75         -          -          -          75
13. Ondruska           75         -          -          -          75
14. Philippoussis      75         -          -          -          75
15. Steven             75         -          -          -          75
16. Washington         75         -          -          -          75
---------------------------------------------------------------------

In the 1995 Grand Slam Cup final, Goran Ivanisevic defeated Todd Martin,
7-6 6-3 6-4.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.4      What is the "Super 9" and what does this term mean?

                         Christopher Smith

  The tournaments on the ATP tour are designated into two main tiers
  (excluding Challenger events), called Championship Series and World
  Series.  Championship series events offer more prize money and attract
  bigger-name players.

  The ATP has given special status to 9 of their Championship Series
  tournaments.  These tournaments are known as the Super 9.

  An ATP Top Ten player is supposed to play in at least 8 of these 9
  special events, and each event must field at least eight of the Top
  Ten men (singles).  The idea is to get the top players to play each
  other more often and add prestige to selected ATP events.

  Super 9 Tour Dates in 1996:

    Event Location       Surface         Dates           1996 Champion
    --------------       -------         -----           -------------
    Indian Wells         Hard            Mar 8-18        Chang
    Lipton (Fla.)        Hard            Mar 21-31
    Monte Carlo          Red Clay        Apr 22-28
    Hamburg              Red Clay        May 6-12
    Italian Open (Rome)  Red Clay        May 13-19
    Canadian Open        Hard            Aug 19-25
    Cincinnati           Hard            Aug 5-11
    Stuttgart            Indoor/Carpet   Oct 21-27
    Paris                Indoor/Carpet   Oct 38-Nov 3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.5                      1996 Tournament Record  

      Notes Legend:    1 - WTA Tier 1            H - Outdoor Hard
                       2 - WTA Tier 2            h - Indoor Hard
                       3 - WTA Tier 3            I - Indoor Carpet
                       4 - WTA Tier 4            C - Green Clay
                       * - Grand Slam Event      R - Red Clay
                       S - ATP "Super 9"         G - Grass
                       T - ATP Championship      ? - Surface not Known
                           Series
                       W - ATP World Series    999 - Prize Money in $K
                       E - Exhibition                for tournament

Place            Notes      Dates    Previous Result
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Perth, AUS       E        Dec 31 -   Germany (Huber/Becker) d.
 (Hopman Cup)                 Jan 6    Ukraine (Medvedeva/Medvedev)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Doha, QAT        WH  625  Jan 1-7    Korda d. El Aynaoui    7-6 2-6 7-6
Adelaide, AUS    WH  328             Kafelnikov d. B Black  7-6 3-6 6-1
Auckland, NZL    4H  108             Cacic d. Paulus        6-3 1-6 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sydney, AUS      WH  328  Jan 8-14   Martin d. Ivanisevic   5-7 6-3 6-4
                 2H  343             Seles d. Davenport     4-6 7-6 6-3
Auckland, NZL    WH  328             Novak d. Steven        6-4 6-4
Jakarta, INA     WH  328             Schalken d. El Aynaoui 6-3 6-2
Hobart, AUS      4H  108             Halard d. Endo         6-1 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AUSTRALIAN OPEN  *H       Jan 15-28  Becker d. Chang        6-2 6-4 2-6 6-2
                                     Seles d. Huber         6-4 6-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Geneva, SUI      WI  400  Jan 29 -   Ivanisevic d. Pioline  3-6 6-3 6-2
Shanghai, CHN    WI  330      Feb 4  Olhovskiy d. Knowles   7-6 6-2
Tokyo, JPN       1I  926             Majoli d. Sanchez      6-4 6-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Davis Cup Round 1         Feb 9-11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dubai, UAE       WH 1039  Feb 12-18  Ivanisevic d. A Costa  6-4 6-3
Marseille, FRA   WI  539             Forget d. Pioline      6-3 3-6 6-2
San Jose, CA     Wh  328             Sampras d. Agassi      6-2 6-3
Paris, FRA       2I  450             Halard d. Majoli       7-5 7-6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antwerp, BEL     TI 1000  Feb 19-25  Stich d. Ivanisevic    6-3 6-2 7-6
Memphis, TN      Th  808             Sampras d. Martin      6-4 7-6
Essen, GER       2I  450             Majoli d. Novotna      7-5 1-6 7-6
Oklahoma City    3h  164             Schultz d. Coetzer     6-3 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Milan            TI  814  Feb 26 -   Ivanisevic d. Rosset   6-3 7-6
Philadelphia     Th  714      Mar 3  Courier d. Woodruff    6-3 6-4
Delray Beach, FL 2H  450             ** cancelled **
San Juan, PUR    3H  164             ** cancelled **
Linz, AUT        3I  164             Appelmans d. Halard    6-2 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rotterdam, NED   WI  750  Mar 4-10   Ivanisevic d. Kafeln'v 6-4 3-6 6-3
Scottsdale, AZ   WH  328             Ferreira d. Rios       2-6 6-3 6-3
Mexico City      WR  330             Muster d. Novak        7-6 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indian Wells, CA SH 2200  Mar 8-17   Chang d. Haarhuis      7-5 6-1 6-1
                 2H  550             Graf d. Martinez       7-6 7-6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copenhagen, DEN  WI  228  Mar 11-17  Pioline d. Carlsson    6-2 7-6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.6                     1996 Upcoming Tournaments

Place            Notes      Dates    Previous Result
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copenhagen, DEN  WI  228  Mar 11-17  Sinner d. Olhovskiy    6-7 7-6 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
St. Petersburg   WI  325  Mar 18-24  Kafelnikov d. Raoux    6-2 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Casablanca, MOR  WR  228  Mar 25-31  Schaller d. A Costa    6-4 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Key Biscayne     SH 2550  Mar 21-31  Agassi d. Sampras      3-6 6-2 7-6
      (Lipton)    H 1550             Graf d. Date           6-1 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hilton Head, SC  1C  926  Apr 1-7    Martinez d. M Maleeva  6-1 6-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Davis Cup Round 2         Apr 5-7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Estoril, POR     WR  625  Apr 8-14   Muster d. A Costa      6-4 6-2
New Delhi, IND   W?  430             ** new event **
Hong Kong        WH  328             Chang d. Bjorkman      6-3 6-1
Amelia Island    2C  450             Martinez d. Sabatini   6-1 6-4
Jakarta, INA     3H  164             Hack d. Spirlea        2-6 7-6 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tokyo, JPN       TH 1060  Apr 15-21  Courier d. Agassi      6-3 6-4
                 3H  164             Frazier d. Date        7-6 7-5
Barcelona, ESP   TR  925             Muster d. Larsson      6-2 6-1 6-4
Bermuda          WC  328             Hadad d. Frana         7-6 3-6 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Monte Carlo      SR 2200  Apr 22-28  Muster d. Becker       4-6 5-7 6-1 7-6 6-0
Seoul, KOR       WH  228             Rusedski d. Rehmann    6-4 3-1 ret
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fed Cup Round 1           Apr 27-28
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Munich, GER      WR  425  Apr 29 -   Ferreira d. Stich      7-5 7-6
Atlanta, GA      WC  328      May 5  Chang d. Agassi        6-2 6-7 6-4
Prague, CZE      WR  365             Ulirach d. J Sanchez   6-2 6-2
Hamburg, GER     2R  450             Martinez d. Hingis     6-1 6-0
Bol, CRO         4R  108             ** new event **
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hamburg, GER     SR 2200  May 6-12   Medvedev d. Ivanisevic 6-3 6-2 6-1
Pinehurst, NC    WC  289             Enqvist d. Frana       6-3 3-6 6-3
Rome, ITA        1R  926             Martinez d. Sanchez V. 6-3 6-1
Budapest, HUN    4R  108             ** new event **
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rome, ITA        SR 2200  May 13-19  Muster d. Bruguera     2-6 7-6 6-2 6-3
Coral Springs    WR  270             Woodbridge d. Rusedski 6-4 6-2
Berlin, GER      1R  926             Sanchez V d. M Maleeva 6-4 6-1
Cardiff, GBR     4R  108             Richterova d. Hy-Boul. 6-7 6-4 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
World Team Cup   TR 1900  May 20-26  Sweden d. Croatia      2-1
St. Poelten, AUT WR  375             Muster d. Ulirach      6-3 3-6 6-1
Barcelona, ESP   2R  250             Sanchez V. d. Majoli   5-7 6-0 6-2
Strasbourg, FRA  3R  164             Davenport d. Date      3-6 6-1 6-2
Edinburgh, GBR    R  188             McGrath/Neiland d.
  (Doubles Only)                       Bollegraf/Stubbs     6-2 7-6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FRENCH OPEN      *R       May 27 -   Muster d. Chang        7-5 6-2 6-4
                              Jun 9  Graf d. Sanchez Vic.   7-5 4-6 6-0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Queen's Club     WG  700  Jun 10-16  Sampras d. Forget      7-6 7-6
Oporto, POR      WR  425             Berasategui d. C Costa 3-6 6-3 6-4
Rosmalen, NED    WG  328             Kucera d. Jarryd       4-6 6-3 6-3
Birmingham, GBR  3G  164             Garrison J. d. McNeil  6-3 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Halle, GER       WG  900  Jun 17-23  Rosset d. Stich        3-6 7-6 7-6
Nottingham, GBR  WG  328             Frana d. Woodbridge    7-6 6-3
Bologna, ITA     WR  328             Rios d. Filippini      6-4 6-2
Eastbourne, GBR  2G  340             Tauziat d. Rubin       3-6 6-0 7-5
Rosmalen, NED    3G  164             ** new event **
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WIMBLEDON        *G       Jun 24-    Sampras d. Becker      6-7 6-2 6-4 6-2
                              Jul 7  Graf d. Sanchez Vic.   4-6 6-1 7-5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gstaad, SUI      WR  550  Jul 8-14   Kafelnikov d. Hlasek   6-3 6-4 3-6 6-3
Bastad, SWE      WR  328             Meligeni d. Ruud       6-4 6-4
Newport, RI      WG  255             Prinosil d. Wheaton    7-6 5-7 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fed Cup SF                Jul 13-14
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stuttgart, GER   TR 1040  Jul 15-21  Muster d. Apell        6-2 6-2
Washington, DC   TH  675             Agassi d. Edberg       6-4 2-6 7-5
Palermo          4R  108             Spirlea d. Hack        7-6 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kitzbuhel, AUT   WR  425  Jul 22-28  A Costa d. Muster      4-6 6-4 7-6 2-6 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OLYMPICS          H       Jul 23 -
                              Aug 3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amsterdam, NED   WR  500  Jul 29 -   Rios d. Siemerink      6-4 7-5 6-4
Los Angeles, CA  WH  328      Aug 4  Stich d. Enqvist       6-7 7-6 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cincinnati, OH   SH 2200  Aug 5-11   Agassi d. Chang        7-5 6-2
San Marino       WR  328             Muster d. Gaudenzi     6-2 6-0
Montreal, CAN    1H  926             Seles d. Coetzer       6-1 6-0
M Lankowitz,AUT  4R  108             Wiesner d. Dragomir    7-6 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indianapolis     TH 1040  Aug 12-18  Enqvist d. Karbacher   6-4 6-3
New Haven, CT    TH 1040             Agassi d. Krajicek     3-6 7-6 6-3
Umag, CRO        WR  400             Muster d. C Costa      3-6 7-6 6-4
Los Angeles, CA  2H  450             Martinez d. Rubin      4-6 6-1 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toronto, CAN     SH 2000  Aug 19-25  Agassi d. Sampras      3-6 6-2 6-3
Long Island, NY  WH  250             Kafelnikov d. Siemer'k 7-6 6-2
San Diego, CA    2H  450             Martinez d. Raymond    6-2 6-0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
US OPEN          *H       Aug 26-    Graf d. Seles          7-6 0-6 6-3
                              Sep 8  Sampras d. Agassi      6-4 6-3 4-6 7-5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bucharest, ROM   WR 1375  Sep 9-15   Muster d. Schaller     6-3 6-4
Bournemouth, GBR WR  400             ** new event **
Bogota, COL      WR  400             Lapentti d. Tobon      2-6 6-1 6-4
Hong Kong        2H  450             ** new event **
Prague, CZE      4R  108             Halard d. Richterova   6-4 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tokyo (Nicherei) 2H  450  Sep 16-22  Pierce d. Sanchez V.   6-3 6-3
Warsaw, POL      3R  164             Paulus d. Fusai        7-6 4-6 6-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Davis Cup SF              Sep 20-22
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basel, SUI       Wh 1000  Sep 23-29  Courier d. Siemerink   6-7 7-6 5-7 6-2 7-5
Kuala Lumpur     WI  414             Rios d. Philippoussis  7-6 6-2
Palermo, ITA     WR  328             Clavet d. Burillo      6-7 6-3 7-6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fed Cup Final             Sep 28-29  Spain d. USA           3-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lyon, FRA        WI  600  Sep 30 -   Ferreira d. Sampras    7-6 5-7 6-3
Beijing, CHN     WI  328      Oct 6  Chang d. Furlan        7-5 6-2
Valencia, ESP    WR  328             Schalken d. Schaller   6-4 6-2
Leipzig, GER     2I  450             Huber d. M Maleeva     default
Beijing, CHN     4I  108             Wild d. Wang           7-5 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tokyo, JPN       TI 1020  Oct 7-13   Chang d. Philippoussis 6-3 6-4
Vienna, AUT      TI  800             deWulf d. Muster       7-5 6-2 1-6 7-5
Filderstadt, GER 2h  450             Majoli d. Sabatini     6-4 7-6
Surabaya, INA    4H  108             Wang d. Yi             6-1 6-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ostrava, CZE     WI  400  Oct 14-20  Ferreira d. Washington 3-6 6-4 6-3
Toulouse, FRA    WI  400             Boetsch d. Courier     6-4 6-7 6-0
Tel Aviv, ISR    WH  328             Kroslak d. J Sanchez   6-3 6-4
Zurich, SUI      1h  926             Majoli d. Pierce       6-4 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stuttgart, GER   SI 2200  Oct 21-27  Muster d. Washington   7-6 2-6 6-3 6-4
Santiago, CHI    WR  228             Dosedel d. Rios        7-6 6-3
Quebec City      3h  164             Schultz d. Monami      7-6 6-2
Luxembourg       3I  164             ** new event **
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paris, FRA       SI 2550  Oct 28 -   Sampras d. Becker      7-6 6-4 6-4
Montevideo       WR  228      Nov 3  Ulirach d. Berasategui 6-2 6-3
Chicago          2I  450             M Maleeva d. Raymond   7-5 7-6
Moscow           3I  164             M Maleeva d. Makarova  6-4 6-2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Moscow, RUS      WI 1150  Nov 4-10   Steeb d. Vacek         7-6 3-6 7-6
Stockholm, SWE   WI  825             Enqvist d. Boetsch     7-5 6-4
Buenos Aires     WR  328             Moya d. Mantilla       6-0 6-3
Oakland          2I  450             M Maleeva d. Sugiyama  6-3 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ATP Doubles Chp. HI 1400  Nov 11-17  Connell/Galbraith d.   7-6 7-6 3-6 7-6
 (Eindhoven,NED)                       Eltingh/Haarhuis
Philadelphia     2I  450             Graf d. McNeil         6-1 4-6 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ATP Championships I 3300  Nov 18-24  Becker d. Chang        7-6 6-0 7-6
WTA Championships I 2000             Graf d. Huber          6-1 2-6 6-1 4-6 6-3
Pattaya, THA     4H  108             Paulus d. Yi           6-4 6-3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Davis Cup Final           Nov 29 -   USA d. Russia          3-2
                              Dec 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grand Slam Cup    E       Dec 2-8    Ivanisevic d. Martin   7-6 6-3 6-4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.7                        Davis Cup

The Davis Cup is an international team competition introduced in 1900 by
American Dwight Davis.  While initally only two teams participated (the
USA and Great Britain), the competition has grown into an event in which
over 100 nations now participate.  The Davis Cup has undergone a number
of format changes over the years, assuming its current competition format
during the 1980's.

Davis Cup is divided into World Group competition and Zone competitions.
There are three zones: American, Euro-African, and Asia-Pacific.  Within
each zone countries square off for the opportunity to advance to the
World Group.

The World Group consists of the 16 top countries which compete in a
single-elimination draw to determine the Cup winner for a given year.
Around September, each of the 8 first round losers play the top 8
finishers in the Zone competitions in a "relegation tie."  The winner
of each tie advances to the World Group for the next year, while the
loser is relegated to Zone competition.  

The format of the Davis Cup tie is as follows:

    Day 1:  Singles A
            Singles B
    Day 2:  Doubles
    Day 3:  Reverse Singles C
            Reverse Singles D

The team winning at least three matches wins the tie.  Before each tie,
a team selects players to compete in that tie.  One of the teams hosts
the tie in their country and has the right to choose the court surface.
If two nations have never competed before, a draw determines the host
country.  The next time these two countries play each other, the other
country hosts, and so on.


1996 World Group schedule:
      
        Round I      February 9-11
        Round II     April 5-7
        Semifinal    September 20-22
        Final        November 29 - December 1
 
 
Here are the draw and results for 1996.


            Russia(1) --------+ Italy
                              |--------+
                Italy --------+  3-2   |
                                       |--------+
         South Africa --------+ S Africa        |
                              |--------+        |
           Austria(8) --------+  3-2            |
                                                |--------+
           Germany(3) --------+ Germany         |        |
                              |--------+        |        |
          Switzerland --------+  5-0   |        |        |
                                       |--------+        |
            France(5) --------+ France |                 |
                              |--------+                 |
              Denmark --------+  5-0                     |
                                                         +-------->
       Netherlands(6) --------+ India                    |
                              |--------+                 |
                India --------+  3-2   |                 |
                                       |--------+        |
              Belgium --------+ Sweden |        |        |
                              |--------+        |        |
            Sweden(4) --------+  4-1            |        |
                                                |--------+
    Czech Republic(7) --------+ Czech R         |
                              |--------+        |
              Hungary --------+  5-0   |        |
                                       |--------+
               Mexico --------+ USA    |
                              |--------+
     United States(2) --------+  5-0



1995 Davis Cup Final:

    United States d. Russia  3-2     Moscow, Russia
 
    Sampras - USA d. Chesnokov - RUS       3-6 6-4 6-3 6-7(5) 6-4
    Kafelnikov - RUS d. Courier - USA      7-6(1) 7-5 6-3
    Martin/Sampras - USA d.
        Kafelnikov/Olhovskiy - RUS         7-5 6-4 6-3
    Sampras - USA d. Kafelnikov - RUS      6-2 6-4 7-6(4)
    Chesnokov - RUS d. Courier - USA       6-7 7-5 6-0

Davis Cup winners, 1983-1994:

    1983  Australia d. Sweden      3-2     Melbourne, Australia
    1984  Sweden d. USA            4-1     Goteborg, Sweden
    1985  Sweden d. Germany        3-2     Munich, Germany
    1986  Australia d. Sweden      3-2     Melbourne, Australia
    1987  Sweden d. India          5-0     Goteborg, Sweden
    1988  Germany d. Sweden        4-1     Goteborg, Sweden
    1989  Germany d. Sweden        3-2     Stuttgart, Germany
    1990  USA d. Australia         3-2     St. Petersburg, FL, USA
    1991  France d. USA            3-1     Lyon, France
    1992  USA d. Switzerland       3-1     Forth Worth, TX, USA
    1993  Germany d. Australia     4-1     Dusseldorf, GER
    1994  Sweden d. Russia         4-1     Moscow, RUS

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 1.8                           Fed Cup   

   The Fed Cup is formerly known as the Federation Cup.  The Fed Cup is
the women's version of the Davis Cup.  Through 1994, the format of the
Fed Cup was that the entire event was held over a one week period in one 
city.  As of 1995, the Fed Cup has adopted a Davis Cup style format.
 
   As with Davis Cup, the Fed Cup competition is divided into the highest
level World Group and the lower level Zone competitions.  The World Group
consists of 8 countries which compete using a single elimination draw to
determine the Cup winner for a given year.  The 4 countries which lose in
the 1st round (quarterfinals) are required to compete in a qualifying,
or relegation round, against 4 other countries winning Zone competition
matches, for the right to remain in the World Group for the next year.
 
   The format of a Fed Cup "tie" is as follows.  The tie will be played
over two days.  Day 1 features two singles matches.  Day 2 features the
reverse singles matches and then the doubles match.  As in Davis Cup, the
team winning at least three matches wins the tie.  Also, like Davis Cup,
one of the two teams serves as the host country, with host duties
alternating for a given pair of opposing countries.  The host country
enjoys the privilege of choosing the venue and court surface for the
tie.
 
   In 1996, the World Group quarterfinals will be held April 27-28.  The
semifinals are scheduled for July 13-14, while the final will be played
during the weekend on September 28-29.
 
   Here is the Fed Cup World Group draw for 1996.
 
 
                  USA --------+
                              |--------+
            * Austria --------+        |
                                       |--------+
              Germany --------+        |        |
                              |--------+        |
              * Japan --------+                 |
                                                |-------->
            Argentina --------+                 |
                              |--------+        |
             * France --------+        |        |
                                       |--------+
         South Africa --------+        |
                              |--------+
              * Spain --------+
 
Countries denoted by an asterisk (*) have the home field advantage in the
first round.
 
 
Details of the the 1995 final tie - Spain d. USA, 3-2:

    Sanchez V. - ESP    d. MJ Fernandez - USA  6-3 6-2
    Martinez - ESP      d. Rubin - USA         7-5 7-6(3)
    Martinez - ESP      d. MJ Fernandez - USA  6-3 6-4
    Rubin - USA         d. Sanchez V. - ESP    1-6 6-4 6-4
    Davenport/G Fernandez - USA d.
        Ruano-Pascual/Sanchez Lorenzo - ESP    6-3 7-6(3)

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